Ch. 16-19 - Terms (Chronic Health/Nutrition/Supplementation/Lifestyle Mod.)

Question 1

Define arteriosclerosis

Answer 1

hardening of arteries

Question 2

Define atherosclerosis

Answer 2

buildup of fatty plaques in arteries that leads to narrowing & reduced blood flow

Question 3

Define peripheral vascular disease

Answer 3

blood vessels become restricted or blocked

- typically as a result of atherosclerosis

Question 4

Define hypertension

Answer 4

elevated blood pressure

Question 5

Define valsalva maneuver

Answer 5

a person tries to exhale forcibly w/closed glottis (windpipe) so that no air exits through the mouth or nose

Question 6

Define osteopenia

Answer 6

decrease in calcification or density of bone as well as reduced bone mass

Question 7

Define osteoporosis

Answer 7

decrease in bone mass & density + increase in space b/w bones, resulting in propensity & fragility

Question 8

Define arthritis

Answer 8

chronic inflammation of joints

Question 9

Define rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 9

arthritis primarily affecting connective tissue
- thickening of articular soft tissue, & an extension of synovial tissue over arteriolar cartilages that have become eroded

Question 10

Define cancer

Answer 10

any various stages of malignant neoplasms, most of which invade surrounding tissue, may metastasize to several sites, & are likely to recur after attempted removal & to cause death unless treated

Question 11

Define restrictive lung disease

Answer 11

condition of fibrous lung tissue, which results in a decreased ability to expand the lungs

Question 12

Define chronic obstructive lung disease

Answer 12

condition of altered airflow through the lungs, generally caused by airway obstruction due to mucus production

Question 13

Define intermittent claudication

Answer 13

manifestation of symptoms caused by peripheral arterial disease

Question 14

Define peripheral arterial disease

Answer 14

narrowing of the major arteries responsible for supplying blood to lower extremities

Question 15

Define nutrition

Answer 15

process by which a living organism assimilates food & uses it for growth & repair of tissues

Question 16

Define calorie

Answer 16

amt of heat energy required to raise the temp of one gram of water by one degree Celsius

Question 17

Define Calorie/kilocalorie

Answer 17

1 Calorie = 1000 calories

- Amt of heat energy required to raise the temp of one kg or L of water by one degree Celsius

Question 18

Define dietary supplement

Answer 18

substance that completes or makes an addition to daily dietary intake

Question 19

Define exercise imagery

Answer 19

produce internalized experience to support or enhance exercise participation