Ch. 3 Definitions (Genetics)

Question 1

gene

Answer 1

heritable factor that consists of a length of DNA and influences a specific characteristic

Question 2

Alleles

Answer 2

various, specific forms of a gene that usually vary from each other by one or a few bases.

Question 3

Gene locus

Answer 3

specific position of a gene on a chromosome

Question 4

Haploid

Answer 4

Having one copy of each chromosome

Question 5

Diploid

Answer 5

Having two copies of each chromosome

Question 6

Phenotype

Answer 6

Physical characteristics inherited as a result of genotype

Question 7

Genotype

Answer 7

Genetic code for a phenotype.

A genotype is the description of the (all) alleles an individual may have. (Not including things like silent genes and non-coding sequences, which do not affect phenotype.)

Question 8

genome

Answer 8

all the genetic information of an organism

A genome is all of the genetic information an individual possess which includes other aspects of his/her DNA such pseudo-genes, silent genes, ribosomal genes and non coding sequences.