Ch 3 Culture

Question 0

*How is culture learned?

Answer 0

Through interactions

Question 1

What is culture?

Answer 1

Total of human produced values and behaviours passed down from generation to generation

Question 2

*Is culture natural?

Answer 2

No. We create it

Question 3

*Is culture adaptive or cumulative?

Answer 3

Both

Question 4

*Identify 2 types of culture

Answer 4

Material culture and non-material culture

Question 5

*What is non material culture?

Answer 5

Language, beliefs, values, and gestures

Question 6

*What is material culture?

Answer 6

Jewelry, food technology, weapons, housing

Question 7

*What is the only real universal?

Answer 7

Culture itself.

Question 8

Why is language so significant to culture?

Answer 8

Allows experiences to be cumulative, allows for shared past and future, allows goal,oriented behaviour

Question 9

How do values, norms, and sanctions reflect nonmaterial culture?

Answer 9

All groups have values and standards which they define desirable or undesirable. Each group will encourage following of norms etc

Question 10

*What are gestures?

Answer 10

Use of ones body to communicate with others

Question 11

*Explain the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis

Answer 11

Language=way of thinking and perceiving.

Question 12

*What are values?

Answer 12

Ideas about what is desirable in life

Question 13

*What is a folkway? (Type of value)

Answer 13

A custom you learn, people may laugh, but it doesn’t threaten anyone. Eg. Pjs to school

Question 14

*What is a more? (Type of value)

Answer 14

Norms taken very seriously, eg laws.

Question 15

*What is a sanction?

Answer 15

Positive or negative reaction to the ways people follow or deviate from norms

Question 16

*What is a taboo?

Answer 16

Norm so enforced that the thought of it is disgusting. Eg, incest

Question 17

*What is Pierre Bourdieu known for?

Answer 17

Cultural capital

Question 18

*What would a cultural capitalist believe?

Answer 18

Economic obstacles are insufficient to explain disparities in the educational attainment of children in different social classes.

Question 19

How do subcultures and counter cultures differ?

Answer 19

Subculture- values and related behaviour distinguish its members form general culture
Counter culture- holds values that counteract/oppose dominant cultures

Question 20

What are cultural relativism and ethnocentrism?

Answer 20

Cultural relativism is trying understanding cultures in their own terms
Ethnocentrism is judging cultures based on your own

Question 21

Do animals have culture?

Answer 21

Yes, but it is Rudimentary

Question 22

How is technology changing culture?

Answer 22

Cultural diffusion is happening rapidly, which is leading to cultural levelling. Richness is being lost.

Question 23

*What is culture shock?

Answer 23

When one culture fails to make sense

Question 24

*What is cultural lag?

Answer 24

Material culture changes first, then nonmaterial.

Question 25

*What is cultural levelling?

Answer 25

Process which cultures become similar to each other

Question 26

*What is cultural diffusion?

Answer 26

Spread of culture from one group to another (tv, Skype, Internet)

Question 27

*What is cultural imperialism?

Answer 27

Global Americanization of values and culture

Question 28

What is a pluralistic society?

Answer 28

A society made up of different religious, racial, and ethic groups

Question 29

What are the 5 emerging value clusters in Canada?

Answer 29

Leisure, self-fulfillment, physical fitness, youth, and concern for the environment