Ch. 3

Question 1

information is conducted by _____ ______

Answer 1

action potentials

Question 2

action potentials require

Answer 2

electrical signals and excitable membrane

Question 3

action potentials are known as _____ __ _____

Answer 3

all or none

Question 4

main constituent of intra and extra cellular fluid is

Answer 4

water

Question 5

like dissolves like so water dissolves other ______ molecules

Answer 5

polar

Question 6

lipid bi layer contains and _____ lipid tail and a _____ phosphate head

Answer 6

hydrophobic , hydrophillic or polar head

Question 7

lipids are ____

Answer 7

hydrophobic

Question 8

chain of amino acids

Answer 8

primary

Question 9

secondary

Answer 9

coil or pleat structure

Question 10

tertiary

Answer 10

3-D shape because of R groups

Question 11

moves ions across the membrane, need ATP and enzymes

Answer 11

ion pump

Question 12

Two main properties of ion channels

Answer 12

selectivity, permeability

Question 13

opening and closing of channels based on changes in the membrane around the channel

Answer 13

gating

Question 14

movement of ions from high concentration to low concentration across a membrane

Answer 14

diffusion

Question 15

ions are pushed through channels due to ________ _______

Answer 15

concentration gradient

Question 16

movement of electrical charge

Answer 16

electricity

Question 17

what two factors influence ion movement

Answer 17

diffusion and electricity

Question 18

electricity is determined by electrical potential or ______ and electrical ______

Answer 18

volatge, conductance (g)

Question 19

Ohm’s law predicts how much current can flow when ion channels are opened; assumes _______ ion is moving

Answer 19

single

Question 20

voltage across the membrane

Answer 20

membrane potential

Question 21

-65mV is the ______ _______ due to uneven distribution, required for neuron function

Answer 21

resting potential

Question 22

action potential peak is

Answer 22

40 mV

Question 23

point in which diffusional and electrical forces are equal (ions cease to move across the membrane)

Answer 23

equilibrium

Question 24

100% resistance means no channels in membrane = ______ ion movement

Answer 24

0

Question 25

small changes in ion concentration causes ______ changes in membrane potential

Answer 25

large

Question 26

membrane potential - equilibrium potential =

Answer 26

rate of ion movement

Question 27

in the nernst equation each ion has its own _______ _______

Answer 27

equilibrium potential

Question 28

The nernst equation only deals with how _____ ion will move (it considers, the temp, charge and driving force)

Answer 28

one

Question 29

sodium potassium pump has

Answer 29

3 Na+ in , 2 K+ out

Question 30

transports Ca2+ out of the cell

Answer 30

calcium pump

Question 31

working against concentration gradients requires

Answer 31

ATP

Question 32

goldman equation takes into account membrane permeability for ______ _____

Answer 32

multiple ions

Question 33

selective permeability of __ _ channels is a key determinant of resting potential

Answer 33

K+

Question 34

most K+ channels have _ subunits and even a _____ amino acid change in the pore disrupt function

Answer 34

4, single

Question 35

membrane potential is very sensitive to external __ _

Answer 35

K+

Question 36

increasing external K+ concentration causes

Answer 36

depolarization