Ch 29-33 Studyguide Flashcards
Who were the thinkers of the enlightenment? What were their central ideas?
John Locke, Voltaire, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau.
What were the basic ideals of enlightenment thinkers?
Equality, freedom, & popular sovereignty
Who did Rousseau believe was the sovereign voice of the government?
The People
What were the main ideas of John Locke?
Rulers derived their authority from the consent of those whom they governed. If subjects withdrew their consent they had the right to replace their rulers. Sovereignty vested in the people of a society.
What principles was the United States of America built on?
Enlightenment principles
What were the goals of the leaders of the French Revolution?
To weld the former Spanish colonies of South America into a confederation like the United States
What did the members of the third estate call themselves when they seceded from the Estates General?
The National Assembly
How did the National Assembly express the guiding principles of the Revolution? What was their guiding document? What phrase expressed this?
By the promulgation of The Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen. The guiding document was The American Declaration of Independence. “Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity.”
What was the most radical phase of the French Revolution? Who led it?
The Convention. Maximilien Robespierre and the radical Jacobin party
Where was the only successful slave revolt in history take place?
The Caribbean island of Hispaniola (Haiti)
Who was responsible for the success of this revolt?
François-Dominique Toussaint (Louverture)
Where did the industrial revolution begin?
Great Britain
What factors were crucial to the development of the industrial revolution?
Coal & Colonies
What was the effect of the invention of the Flying Shuttle?
It speeded up the weaving process and stimulated demand for thread.
What substance helped create a cheaper way to smelt iron?
Coke (purified form of coal)
Who was Henry Bessemer, what did his invention lead to?
He built a refined blast furnace known as the Bessemer converter that made it possible to produce steel cheaply and in large quantities. It led to steel production ring sharply.
