Ch. 27 Plastic Surgery Procedures Flashcards
Name 4 indications for a Rhytidectomy
- Loose skin and deep wrinkles
- Fatty neck tissue
- Nasolabial folds
- Vertical “cords” in neck
What are 4 things done in a facelift?
- Excess fat removed
- Excess skin removed
- Tightening underlying muscles
- Smooths loose face and neck skin
What are 2 pre-procedure consideration prior to getting a facial?
- Grow hair to cover the resulting incision in scalp while it heals
- Stop smoking
How long should you stop smoking before the procedure?
At least 2 week prior
What type of sedation are used?
Intravenous sedation and general anesthesia
Name the 4 dissection planes of a face lift and define each one in a few words
- “Classic” plane; involves only a skin flap (superficial plane)
- Superficial muscluloapneurotic system (SMAS) (mid-plane); involves the layer of tissue that covers the deeper structures in the cheek area and is in continuity with the platysma
- Superiosteal face-lift (deep plane)
- A combination of these techniques
Describe a Thread Lift procedure
A minimally invasive face lift using special subcutaneous suspension sutures for subtle changes
Name the indications of a forehead lift/brow lift
- Smooths wrinkles
- Soften deep frown lines
- Furrows between the eyes
- Elevate brow
- Lift eye brows
Name 2 types of techniques of a forehead lift and briefly describe the techniques
- Classic forehead lift; a lift technique involving a coronal incision that follows a headphone-like pattern, slightly behind the natural hair-line
- Endoscopic; describes a surgical technique in which viewing instruments is used to allow the procedure to be done via numerous incisions
What is another name for an Eye-lift surgery?
Blepharoplasty
Why would someone need a Blepharoplasty?
Baggy upper eyelids and bulging lower eyelids hat can either empeed vision or flip/roll lower eyelid
What does the word Photophobia mean? Does someone with Blepharoplasty usually experience this?
Excessive tearing due to light sensitivity that may be experienced for several weeks after surgery
What is Rhinoplasty?
Nose job
What is the difference between Reconstructive Rhinoplasty and Cosmetic Rhinoplasty?
- Reconstructive Rhinoplasty; is done to relieve nasal airway obstruction, can be down alone or in conjunction with a Cosmetic Rhinoplasty
- Cosmetic Rhinoplasty; performed for cosmetic reasons
Name 4 reasons why someone would want to have a Rhinoplasty
- Increase/decrease side of nose
- Change shape of the tip and bridge
- Narrow the span of the nostrils
- Change the angle between the nose and upper lip
Chin Implants
Can improve the neck contour, profile, and jawline
Cheek Implants
Can correct flatness in the mid face by increasing the projection of the cheek bones which rejuvenates the mid face region
Nasal Implants
Are used to better define and add projection to the dorsum (the top profile of the nose)
What is the common term for Augmentation Mammoplasty?
Breast Implants
Name 7 reasons why someone would want/need an Augmentation Mammoplasty
- Enlarge or reshape
- Weight loss
- Child birth
- Aging
- Tubular breasts
- Asymmetry
- After mastectomy
Name 3 considerations when choosing the size of an implant
- Condition of the breasts
- The body proportions
- The patients expectations
What does the term Mastoplexy mean?
Breast lift
Name an indication for Mastoplexy
If a patient’s nipples are below the level of the inframmary crease when standing
Who gets the best results from a Mastoplexy?
Women with small saggy breasts
Who are the best candidates for Mastoplexy?
Candidates are patients whose nipples are below the level of the inframammary crease when standing, with small saggy breasts, and the best candidates are healthy, emotionally stable women with realistic expectations
Name 2 types of Mastoplexy (breast lift) procedures. Which one if this is most popular?
- Full-lift
2. Modified-lift
Most popular lift procedure?
Lift with implant
What type of incision is made?
Anchor-shaped incision following the natural contour of the breast
Name 10 indication and symptoms for a Reduction Mammoplasty-Breast Reduction
- Back and neck pain
- Bad posture and deformities of the skeleton
- Breathing problems
- Pain from sports or vigorous activities
- Chronic back, upper neck, and shoulder pain
- Skin rash under the breasts
- Deep painful groves in the shoulders form the pressure of other bra straps
- Restricted levels of activities
- Self-esteem problems, particularly in adolescent girls
- Difficulty wearing or fitting into certain bras and clothing
What is the best incision for a Reduction Mammplasty
The most common incision involves an anchor-shaped incision that goes around the areola, down from the areolar incision to an inframmary crease incision
Why would someone need a Breast Reconstruction Surgery?
Breast cancer - mastectomy
When is the earliest time that someone can have reconstruction surgery after a mastectomy?
The initial stage is usually performed immediately after the mastectomy, under the same anesthesia
Local Tissue with Implants
Mastectomy patients who have adequate surrounding tissue to cover an implant will not need the use of an expander before receiving an implant. The surgeon will proceed with inserting an implant, usually under the pectoral is muscle.
Skin Expansion
Combines the skin expansion and subsequent insertion of an implant. An expander is connected to a thin, flexible tube and inserted between the skin and the pectoralis muscle or between the pectoralis muscle and the ribs.
Distant or Flap Reconstruction
Involves the creation and transfer of a tissue flap containing skin with fat and or underlying muscle which is taken from other parts of the body (back, buttocks, abdomen) = tummy tuck
Musclulocutaneous Flap
The tissue remains attached to its original site via it’s blood supply-consists of skin, fat, and muscle-vascular leash intact, the flap is tunneled beneath adjacent skin and placed in mastectomy site.
Free Flap
Most complex; requires plastic surgeon- removes desired donor flap and severs it’s vascular leash. Common donor areas (abdomen, thighs, buttocks). After dissection the flap is transplanted and the vascular leash is reconnected to blood vessels at the mastectomy site.
What is the medical term for a tummy tuck?
Abdominoplasty
Name 4 indications that an abdominoplasty will do
- Redundant lower abdominal skin
- Excess fat
- Weakened abdominal muscles that are unresponsive to diet and exercise
- Stretched abdominal muscles and skin beyond the point where they can return to normal by dieting or exercise due to pregnancies
Liposuction is a widely utilized procedure in the U.S.; Name 4 other names it goes by
- Liposculpture
- Lipoplasty
- Suction-assisted lipectomy (SAL)
- Suction-assisted lipoplasty
What does SAL stand for?
Suction-assisted lipectomy
Name 4 reasons you would need liposuction
- Cellulite on the legs and buttocks
- Tone and tighten sagging skin on the neck, legs, abdomen, arms, and hands
- Eliminate and contour and shape specific undesired fat pockets
- Remove stubborn areas of fat that do not respond to diet or exercise
When can someone go back to their normal activities after liposuction?
- Small volume; same day
- Large volume; overnight stay
- Laser assisted; just a few days
What is another name for Mesotherapy?
Lipo-dissolve; it is an alternative to invasive cosmetic procedures. It employs subcutaneous injections of special formulas into the problematic areas. These formulas target the receptors of fat cells that produce or destroy fat cells.
What is a Rhytidectomy?
Medical term for a face-lift; derived from the Latin roots rhytid (wrinkle) and ectomy (to remove)
