Ch 26 Flashcards
is a naturally occurring inorganic solid with a crystalline
mineral
the color of a mineral in powdered form
streak
when a mineral breaks along preferred planes if weakness creating sets of smooth parallel sides it has
cleavage
minerals the break with irregular surfaces exhibit
fracture
the physical property that measures a minerals resistance to scratching
hardness
molten rock material inside earths
magma
what are the two most abundant elements that make up the earths crust
oxygen,silicon
a mineral is
naturally occurring inorganic solid, and solid with crystal form
what does inorganic mean
materials that are nonliving
what does the arrangement of an atom and the bonds between them reflect about a mineral
breaks, how hard is it ,what kind of crystal shape it has
what are all of the ways to identify minerals
luster,streak,cleavage,fracture,hardness,crystal shape,atomic arrangement
what are the two types of luster
metallic and nonmetallic
how does metallic luster reflect light
very easily like a metal surface
how does nonmetallic luster reflect light
doesnt reflect as smoothly
how do you perform a streak test
you rub a mineral across an unglazed porcelain
what are the two types of breakage that can happen to minerals
cleavage and fracture
what is the name of the scale to measure the hardness of a mineral
Mohs scale of hardness
what is the range on the mohs scale of hardness
1-10
how many different crystal shape systems are there
6
minerals grow from the
minerals grow from the inside out
what are the three ways minerals can form
what are the two mineral groups
evaporation,hot water,molten rock
which group is the most abundant in Earths crust
silicate minerals
what elements are silicates made up of
nonsilicates do not contain what element
does not contain silicon
what mineral is used to make glass
define rock
is a naturally formed mixture containing minerals,rock fragments, and volcanic gas
how are rocks identified
by their composition and texture
what does the texture of a rock describe about a rock
the size shape, and arrangement of the rocks components
where do intrusive igneous rocks form
within the crust
what type of molten rock does intrusive igneous rocks form from
magma
what is the name of the series that illustrates simultaneous crystallization of silicate minerals
Bowen´s reaction series
what are the 3 types of magma
Mafic, Intermediate, felsic
which magma type has a low silica content
mafic
which type has a high silica content
felsic
which type of crust has an abundant amount of quartz(oceanic or continental)
continental
which type of crust has little to no quartz
deep continental or oceanic
which type of igneous rock has a coarse grained texture
intrusive igneous rock
which type of igneous rock has a fine grained texture
extrusive igneous rock
do fine grained rocks slowly or quickly
quickly
what are the two specific texture types for extrusive igneous rock
vesicular, porphyritic
which texture is the type with holes left behind because of rapid cooling
vesicular
which texture is the type with two different crystal sizes because of different cooling rates
porphyritic
what type of rock has vesicular(holey) texture
Pumice
