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Physical Science > Ch 26 > Flashcards

Ch 26 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

is a naturally occurring inorganic solid with a crystalline

A

mineral

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2
Q

the color of a mineral in powdered form

A

streak

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3
Q

when a mineral breaks along preferred planes if weakness creating sets of smooth parallel sides it has

A

cleavage

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4
Q

minerals the break with irregular surfaces exhibit

A

fracture

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5
Q

the physical property that measures a minerals resistance to scratching

A

hardness

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6
Q

molten rock material inside earths

A

magma

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7
Q

what are the two most abundant elements that make up the earths crust

A

oxygen,silicon

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8
Q

a mineral is

A

naturally occurring inorganic solid, and solid with crystal form

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9
Q

what does inorganic mean

A

materials that are nonliving

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10
Q

what does the arrangement of an atom and the bonds between them reflect about a mineral

A

breaks, how hard is it ,what kind of crystal shape it has

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11
Q

what are all of the ways to identify minerals

A

luster,streak,cleavage,fracture,hardness,crystal shape,atomic arrangement

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12
Q

what are the two types of luster

A

metallic and nonmetallic

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13
Q

how does metallic luster reflect light

A

very easily like a metal surface

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14
Q

how does nonmetallic luster reflect light

A

doesnt reflect as smoothly

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15
Q

how do you perform a streak test

A

you rub a mineral across an unglazed porcelain

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16
Q

what are the two types of breakage that can happen to minerals

A

cleavage and fracture

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17
Q

what is the name of the scale to measure the hardness of a mineral

A

Mohs scale of hardness

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18
Q

what is the range on the mohs scale of hardness

A

1-10

19
Q

how many different crystal shape systems are there

A

6

20
Q

minerals grow from the

A

minerals grow from the inside out

21
Q

what are the three ways minerals can form

A
22
Q

what are the two mineral groups

A

evaporation,hot water,molten rock

23
Q

which group is the most abundant in Earths crust

A

silicate minerals

24
Q

what elements are silicates made up of

A
25
Q

nonsilicates do not contain what element

A

does not contain silicon

26
Q

what mineral is used to make glass

A
27
Q

define rock

A

is a naturally formed mixture containing minerals,rock fragments, and volcanic gas

28
Q

how are rocks identified

A

by their composition and texture

29
Q

what does the texture of a rock describe about a rock

A

the size shape, and arrangement of the rocks components

30
Q

where do intrusive igneous rocks form

A

within the crust

31
Q

what type of molten rock does intrusive igneous rocks form from

A

magma

32
Q

what is the name of the series that illustrates simultaneous crystallization of silicate minerals

A

Bowen´s reaction series

33
Q

what are the 3 types of magma

A

Mafic, Intermediate, felsic

34
Q

which magma type has a low silica content

A

mafic

35
Q

which type has a high silica content

A

felsic

36
Q

which type of crust has an abundant amount of quartz(oceanic or continental)

A

continental

37
Q

which type of crust has little to no quartz

A

deep continental or oceanic

38
Q

which type of igneous rock has a coarse grained texture

A

intrusive igneous rock

39
Q

which type of igneous rock has a fine grained texture

A

extrusive igneous rock

40
Q

do fine grained rocks slowly or quickly

A

quickly

41
Q

what are the two specific texture types for extrusive igneous rock

A

vesicular, porphyritic

42
Q

which texture is the type with holes left behind because of rapid cooling

A

vesicular

43
Q

which texture is the type with two different crystal sizes because of different cooling rates

A

porphyritic

44
Q

what type of rock has vesicular(holey) texture

A

Pumice

Physical Science (12 decks)

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