27.3-27.4 Flashcards
absolute dating
is the process of assigning an exact numerical age to an organism,an object, or an event
relative dating
is the process of placing object or an event
authoritarianism
states that laws of nature operate today as they have in the past
principle of superposition
states that in an undisturbed sequence of sedimentary rock layers the youngest rocks will be at the top and oldest rocks will be at the bottom
Unconformities
are gaps in the rock record during which either erosion occurred or deposition was absent
fossils
the remains or traces of organisms found in the geological rock record
water table
the upper boundary of the saturated zone
aquifer
a rock unit that can transfer water through its pore space
porosity
the materials percentage of materiel’s total volume that is pore space
infiltration
is the process by which water enters Earth and becomes ground water below the surface
what percentage of water on earth’s is salt water
97% of Earth’s water is salt water
what percentage of water on Earth is freshwater
3% is freshwater
where is the majority of freshwater found
in glaciers
where is the smaller percentage of freshwater found
lakes,rivers, and stored in ground water
what is precipitation
when water vapor in the air cools and condenses to form liquid water or ice crystals
what is runoff 😈
water running off the land surface
what is infiltration
the process by which water enters Earth and becomes ground water below surface
what is transpiration
when plants release water vapor into the atmosphere through their lives
what is evaporation
when water enters the atmosphere as water vapor
what is condensation
when water vapor collides with other water vapor molecules to form water droplets
what is the water cycle
where freshwater moves from the land to the atmosphere and then back to the land
what is an unsaturated zone fir groundwater storage
what is an unsaturated zone for groundwater storage
a porous area where water easily passes through
what is a saturated zone for groundwater storage
beneath the unsaturated zone, where water completely fills the pore
what is a water table
the upper boundary of the saturated zone
what does it mean if sediment is permeable
the material is the easier water can infiltrates through the ground
what is an aquifer
a rock unit that can transfer water through its pore
what is the name of the Great Plains Aquifer
ogallala aquifer
how many states does the Great Plains Aquifer run through
8 states
what are the names of the states that the Great Plains Aquifer runs through
South Dakota, Wyoming, Nebraska,Colorado , Kansas, Oklahoma, New Mexico,and Texas
what is an aquitard
is a layer that doesnt allow water to pass through
how are water springs formed
where the water table naturally meets earths surface
what is an artesian well
where we drill into a pressurized aquifer
what is a cone depression?
where the water flows in a direction down toward a well creating the cone shape
