Ch. 25 The Fetal Face and Neck Flashcards
1
Q
The absence of the eyes is termed: Agyria Epignathus Hypotelorism Anophthalmia
A
Anophthalmia
2
Q
A reduction in the distance b/n the orbits is referred to as: Anophthalmia Micrognathia Hypertelorism Hypotelorism
A
Hypotelorism
3
Q
The most frequently encountered chromosomal abnormality associated w/ holoprosencephaly is: Triploidy Trisomy 21 Trisomy 18 Trisomy 13
A
Trisomy 13
4
Q
The fetal lip typically closes by: 18 wks 8 wks 13 wks 6 wks
A
8 wks
5
Q
The most common cause of hypertelorism is:
- Dandy-Walker malformation
- Anencephaly
- Anterior cephalocele
- Holoprosencephaly
A
Anterior cephalocele
6
Q
Macroglossia is most commonly found w/: Anencephaly Holoprosencephaly Beckwith-Wiederman syndrome Cystic hygroma
A
Beckwith-Wiederman syndrome
7
Q
An oral teratoma is referred to as: Macroglossia Epignathus Micrognathia Ethmocephaly
A
Epignathus
8
Q
Cleft lip and cleft palate may exist w/:
- Amniotic band syndrome
- Holoprosencephaly
- Trisomy 13
- All of the above
A
All of the above
9
Q
An increase distance b/n the orbits is referred to as: Hypotelorism Hypertelorism Anophthalmia Micrognathia
A
Hypertelorism
10
Q
The optimal scan plane to visualize micrognathia is: Transverse Axial Sagittal Coronal
A
Sagittal
11
Q
A cystic hygroma is the result of:
- Alcohol consumption in the 1st trimester
- An abnormal development of the roof of the 4th ventricle
- Occlusion of the internal carotid arteries
- An abnormal accumulation of lymphatic fluid w/in the soft tissue
A
An abnormal accumulation of lymphatic fluid w/in the soft tissue
12
Q
A cystic hygroma is found in all of the following condition except: Edwards syndrome Hydranencephaly Turner syndrome All of the above
A
Hydranencephaly
13
Q
Nuchal thickening is most commonly associated w/: Patau syndrome Hydranencephaly Down syndrome Cebocephaly
A
Down syndrome
14
Q
Micrognathia is a condition found in: Trisomy 21 Hydranencephaly Beckwith-Wiedermann syndrome Trisomy 18
A
Trisomy 18
15
Q
The most common location of a cystic hygroma is w/in the: Axilla Neck Chest Groin
A
Neck
16
Q
An unusual protuberance of the tongue is termed: Epignathus Macrognathia Pharyngoglossia Macroglossia
A
Macroglossia
17
Q
Facial anomalies, when discovered, should prompt the sonographer to analyze the brain closely for signs of: Holoprosencephaly Dandy-Walker malformation Schizencephaly Hydranencephaly
A
Holoprosencephaly
18
Q
The measurement obtained b/n the lateral walls of the orbits is referred to as the: Interocular diameter Binocular diameter Ocular diameter Biparietal diameter
A
Binocular diameter
19
Q
A large, mostly cystic mass is noted in the cervical spine region of a fetus. This most likely represents a:
- Sacrococcygeal teratoma
- Cystic teratoma
- Cephalocele
- Anophthalmia
A
Cystic teratoma
20
Q
A group of abnormalities associated w/ the entrapment of fetal parts and fetal amputations is: Cystic hygroma Edwards syndrome Ethmocephaly Amniotic band syndrome
A
Amniotic band syndrome
21
Q
The growth disorder syndrome synonymous w/ organ, skull, and tongue enlargement is:
- Klinefelter syndrome
- Apert syndrome
- Meckel-Gruber syndrome
- Beckwith-Wiedermann syndrome
A
Beckwith-Wiedermann syndrome
22
Q
Which of the following is also referred to as Patau syndrome? Trisomy 18 Trisomy 21 Trisomy 12 Trisomy 13
A
Trisomy 13
23
Q
Close-set eyes and a nose w/ a single nostril is termed: Cebocephaly Cyclopia Ethmocephaly Epignathus
A
Cebocephaly
24
Q
An abnormal division in the lip is referred to as: Micrognathia Cleft lip Anophthalmia Cebocephaly
A
Cleft lip
25
Q
Fusion of the orbits is termed: Microglossia Cebocephaly Cyclopia Ethmocephaly
A
Cyclopia
26
Q
Which of the following is also referred to as Trisomy 21? Edwards syndrome Patau syndrome Meckel-Gruber syndrome Down syndrome
A
Down syndrome
27
Q
The thickness for the nuchal fold in the 2nd trimester should not exceed: 3mm 6mm 10mm 12mm
A
6mm
28
Q
A small mandible is termed: Macroglossia Epignathus Micrognathia Ethmocephaly
A
Micrognathia
29
Q
The condition in which there is no nose and a proboscis separating two close-set orbits is: Ethmocephaly Epignathus Micrognathia Cebocephaly
A
Ethmocephaly
30
Q
All of the following are sonographic features of holoprosencephaly except: Cystic hydroma Proboscis w/ cyclopia Fused thalamus Monoventricle
A
Cystic hydroma
