Ch. 21 Pelvic Inflammatory Disease and Infertility

Question 1

The sonographic findings of tubular, anechoic structures w/in the adnexa are consistent with:
Dyspareunia
Hematosalpinx
Hydrosalpinx
Endometritis

Answer 1

Hydrosalpinx

Question 2

All of the following are considered risk factors for PID except:

• Intrauterine contraceptive device
• Multiple sexual partners
• Post childbirth
• Uterine leiomyoma

Answer 2

Uterine leiomyoma

Question 3

The most common cause of PID is:

• Intrauterine contraception use
• Postabortion
• Ruptured appendix
• Chlamydia

Answer 3

Chlamydia

Question 4

A pt presents to the sonography dept w/ a fever, chills, and vaginal discharge. Sonographically, what findings would you most likely not encounter?

• Cul-de-sac fluid
• Uterine adhesions
• Dilated uterine tubes
• Ill-defined uterine border

Answer 4

Uterine adhesions

Question 5

The most common initial clinical presentation of PID is:
Endometritis
Tubo-ovarian abscess
Vaginitis
Posalpinx

Answer 5

Vaginitis

Question 6

Sonographic findings of the endometrium in a pt w/ a hx of PID, fever, and elevated white blood cell count would include all of the following except:

• Ring-down artifact posterior to the endometrium
• Thin, hyperechoic endometrium
• Endometrial fluid
• Thickened, irregular endometrium

Answer 6

Thin, hyperechoic endometrium

Question 7

Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome is described as:

• Clinical findings of GB disease as a result of PID
• The presence of uterine fibroids and adenomyosis in the gravid uterus
• Co-existing intrauterine and extrauterine pregnancies
• The presence of pyosalpinx, hydrosalpinx, and endometriosis

Answer 7

Clinical findings of GB disease as a resulf of PID

Question 8

All of the following statements concerning PID are true except:

• PID is typically a unilateral condition
• PID can be caused by douching
• PID can lead to a tubo-ovarian abscess
• Dyspareunia is a clinical finding in acute PID

Answer 8

PID is typically a unilateral condition

Question 9

The development of adhesions b/n the liver and diaphragm as a result of PID is termed:

• Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome
• Dandy-Walker syndrome
• Stein-Leventhal syndrome
• Asherman syndrome

Answer 9

Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome

Question 10

Assisted reproductive theraphy can result in all of the following except:

• Heterotopic pregnancy
• Multiple gestations
• Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
• Asherman syndrome

Answer 10

Asherman syndrome

Question 11

Polycystic ovarian disease is associated w/:

• Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome
• Plateau syndrome
• Stein-Leventhal syndrome
• Asherman syndrome

Answer 11

Stein-Leventhal syndrome

Question 12

PID can lead to all of the following except:

• Infertility
• Polycystic ovarian disease
• Ectopic pregnancy
• Scar formation in the fallopian tubes

Answer 12

Polycystic ovarian disease

Question 13

The presence of functional, ectopic endometrial tissue outside of the uterus is termed:

• Adenomyosis
• Asherman syndrome
• Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome
• Endometriosis

Answer 13

Endometriosis

Question 14

All of the following are sonographic findings of a tubo-ovarian abscess except:

• The presence of 10 or more small cysts along the periphery of the ovaries
• Cul-de-sac fluid
• Thickened, irregular endometrium
• Fusion of the pelvic organs as a conglomerated mass

Answer 14

The presence of 10 or more small cysts along the periphery of the ovaries

Question 15

Causes of female infertility include all of the following except:

• Previous intrauterine device use
• Polycystic ovary disease
• Asherman syndrome
• Endometriosis

Answer 15

Previous intrauterine device use

Question 16

Infertility is defined as:

• The inability to conceive a chile after 2 yrs of unprotected intercourse
• The inability to conceive a child after 5 yrs of unprotected intercourse
• The inability to conceive a child after 1 yr of unprotected intercourse
• The inability to conceive a child after 3 months of unprotected intercourse

Answer 16

The inability to conceive a child after 1 yr of unprotected intercourse

Question 17

A 25 yr pt presents to the US dept complaining of pelvic pain, dyspareunia, and oligomenorrhea. An ovarian mass, thought to be a chocolate cyst, is noted during the examination. What’s the sonographic appearace of a chocolate cyst?

• Simple-appearing anechoic mass
• Echogenic mass w/ posterior shadowing
• Cystic mass w/ low-level echoes
• Anechoic mass w/ posterior shadowing

Answer 17

Cystic mass w/ low level echoes

Question 18

Amenorrhea, hirsutism, and obesity describe the clinical features of:

• Fitz-Hugh-Curstis syndrome
• Stein-Leventhal syndrome
• Asherman syndrome
• endometriosis

Answer 18

Stein-Leventhal syndrome

Question 19

The sonographic evidence of a hyperemic fallopian tube is consistent w/:
Pyosalpinx
Hydrosalpinx
Endometritis
Salpingitis

Answer 19

Salpingitis

Question 20

The sonographic “ring of fpearls” sign is indicative of:

• Polycystic ovary disease
• Tubo-ovarian disease
• PID
• Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome

Answer 20

Polycystic ovary disease

Question 21

Sonographic findings of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome include all of the following except:

• Cystic enlargement of the ovaries
• Ascites
• Pleural effusions
• Oligouria

Answer 21

Oliguria

Question 22

The development of adhesions w/in the uterine cavity is termed:

• Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome
• Dandy-Walker syndrome
• Stein-Leventhal syndrome
• Asherman syndrome

Answer 22

Asherman syndrome

Question 23

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome causes multiple large follicles to develop on the ovary termed:
Theca lutein cysts
Chocolate cysts
Corpus luteum cysts
Dermoid cysts

Answer 23

Theca lutein cysts

Question 24

A female pt presents to the US dept w/ a clinical hx of Clomid treatment. She’s complaining of nausea, vomiting, and abdominal distention. What circumstance is most likely causing her clinical symptoms?

• Stein-Leventhal syndrome
• Polycystic ovarian disease
• Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome
• Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome

Answer 24

Polycystic ovarian disease

Question 25

``` Pts w/ ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome are at increased risk for: Ovarian torsion Chlamydia Gonorrhea Vaginitis ```

Answer 25

Ovarian torsion

Question 26

``` A 35 yr pt presents to the US dept w/ a hx of tubal ligation and positive pregnancy test. What condition should be highly suspected? Asherman syndrome Polycystic ovarian disease Endometriosis Ectopic pregnancy ```

Answer 26

Ectopic pregnancy

Question 27

``` Which of the following would be described as functional cysts that are found in the presence of elevated levels of human chorionic gonadotropin? Theca lutein cysts Chocolate cysts Corpus luteum cysts Endometiral cysts ```

Answer 27

Theca lutein cysts

Question 28

``` The presence of pus w/in the uterus defines: Pyosalpinx Pyometra Pyocolpos Pyomyoma ```

Answer 28

Pyometra

Question 29

The occurance of having both an intrauterine and extrauterine pregnancy at the same time describes: * PID * Ectopic pregnancy * Heterotopic pregnancy * Molar pregnancy

Answer 29

Heterotopic pregnancy

Question 30

``` Excessive hair growth in women in areas where hair growth is normally negligible would be seen w/: Ectopic pregnancy Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome Asherman syndrome Stein-Leventhal syndrome ```

Answer 30

Stein-Leventhal syndrome