Ch. 20 Postmenopausal Sonography and Sonohysterography Flashcards
1
Q
The absence of menstrual bleeding is termed: amenorrhea dysmenorrhea oligomenorrhea polymenorrhea
A
amenorrhea
2
Q
Asherman syndrome is associated w/: uterine leiomyoma endometrial polyps endometrial adhesions ovarian fibroma
A
endometrial adhesions
3
Q
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ can be used as a tumor marker endometrial carcinoma. CR-124 CE-125 CA-125 CA-45
A
CA-125
4
Q
The removal of tissue from the endometrium by scraping is termed: dilation curettage sonohysterography hysteroscopy
A
curettage
5
Q
Measurement of the endometrium should include:
- the uterine cavity only
- the deep myometrial echoes and both basal layers
- the distance from the basal layer to the functional layer
- the measurement from the basal layer to the basal layer
A
the measurement from the basal layer to the basal layer
6
Q
The most common cause of postmenopausal bleeding is: endometrial carcinoma endometrial atrophy endometrial leiomyoma cervical carcinoma
A
endometrial atrophy
7
Q
The best description for endometrial polyps is:
- malignant nodules that cause bleeding
- benign lesions associated w/ cervical stenosis
- malignant nodules that are associated w/ endometrial atrophy
- benign nodules of hyperplastic endometrial tissue
A
benign nodules of hyperplastic endometrial tissue
8
Q
Blood accumulation w/in the uterus is termed: hematometra hydrometra Asherman syndrome endometrial carcinoma
A
hematometra
9
Q
__________ is a gynecologic procedure to remove an endometrial polyp.
- hysterectomy w/ myomectomy
- histogram w/ myomectomy
- hysteroscopy w/ polypectomy
- hysteroscopy w/ polyp myectomy
A
hysteroscopy w/ polypectomy
10
Q
Cessation of menstruation w/ advanced age is termed: Asherman syndrome premenopausal syndrome perimenopausal syndrome menopause
A
menopause
11
Q
Stein-Leventhal syndrome is related to: infertility anovulatory cycles hirsutism all of the above
A
all of the above
12
Q
The breast cancer treatment drug that may alter the sonographic appearance of the endometrium is: progesterone estrogenate tamoxifen CA-125
A
tamoxifen
13
Q
Possible benefits of estrogen replacement therapy include:
- reduction in osteoporosis risk
- reduction in colon cancer risk
- reduction in breast cancer risk
- reduction in endometrial cancer risk
A
reduction in osteoporosis risk
14
Q
Unopposed estrogen therapy has been shown to increase the risk for developing: Alzheimer disease colon cancer coronary heart disease endometrial carcinoma
A
endometrial carcinoma
15
Q
The sonographic appearance of a 59 yr old woman on hormone replacement theraphy is:
- hypoechoic and thickened
- hyperechoic and thickened
- cystic areas w/in a thickened endometrium
- variable depending upon the menstrual cycle
A
variable depending upon the menstrual cycle
16
Q
Tamoxifen has been linked w/ all of the following except: endometrial polyps endometrial hyperplasia endometrial leiomyoma endometrial carcinoma
A
endometrial leiomyoma
17
Q
Tamoxifen effects on the endometrium will sonographically appear as:
- cystic changes w/in a thickened endometrium
- cystic areas w/in a thin endometrium
- thin endometrium
- no apparent effect on endometrial thickness or appearance
A
cystic changes w/in a thickened endometrium
18
Q
Causes of postmenopausal bleeding include all of the following except: Asherman syndrome endometrial atrophy endometrial hyperplasia intracavitary fibroids
A
Asherman syndrome
19
Q
An asymptomatic 65 yr old pt presents to the US dept w/ pelvic pain but no vaginal bleeding. Her endometrial thickness should not exceed: 6mm 8mm 5mm 3mm
A
8mm
20
Q
An 84 yr old pt presents to the US dept w/ sudden onset of vaginal bleeding. Her endometrium should not exceed: 6mm 8mm 5mm 3mm
A
5mm
21
Q
W/ endometrial atrophy, the endometrial thickness should not exceed: 6mm 3mm 8mm 5mm
A
5mm
22
Q
A 68 yr old pt presents to the US dept complaining of vaginal bleeding. The most likely cause of her bleeding is: endometrial carcinoma endometrial polyps endometrial atrophy endometrial fibroids
A
endometrial atrophy
23
Q
A 60 yr old pt presents to the ER dept w/ sudden onset of vaginal bleeding. The sono exam reveals an endometrium that measures 4mm. There are no other significant sono findings. What is the most likely diagnosis? endometrial atrophy endometrial carcinoma endometrial polyp cervical stenosis
A
endometrial atrophy
24
Q
A 67 yr old pt on homrone replacement therapy presents to the US dept w/ abnormal uterine bleeding. Sonographically, the endometrium measures 9mm and contains small cystic areas. The most likely cause of her bleeding is: endometrial carcinoma Asherman syndrome endometrial polyps endometrial hyperplasia
A
endometrial hyperplasia
25
Q
Endometrial hyperplasia may be caused by all of the following except: hormone replacement therapy estrogen replacement therapy endometrial atrophy tamoxifen
A
endometrial atrophy
26
Q
All of the following are clinical findings w/ endometrial hyperplasia except: obesity polycystic ovary syndrome abnomral uterine bleeding thickened endometrium
A
thickened endometrium
27
Q
The sonographic findings of an endometrial polyp include:
- diffuse thickening of the endometrium
- menometrorrhagia
- intermenstrual bleeding
- infertility
A
diffuse thickening of the endometrium
28
Q
Endometrial polyps are associated w/ all of the following except: intermenstrual bleeding tamoxifen therapy prolapse through the cervix coronary heart disease
A
coronary heart disease
29
Q
A 34 yr old pt presents to the US dept for an endovaginal US complaining of intermenstual bleeding. The sono findings include a focal irregularity and enlargement of one area of the endometrium. The most likely diagnosis is: endometrial polyps endometrial carcinoma endometrial atrophy intramural leiomyoma
A
endometrial polyps
30
Q
The most common female genital tract malignancy is: ovarian carcinoma cervical carcinoma endometrial carcinoma PID
A
endometrial carcinoma
