CH 25 Animal structure and function Flashcards
What are the four types of connective tissue?
- Epithelial
- Connective
- Muscle
- Nervous
What is anatomy vs physiology?
Anatomy: Study of structure and relationships among structure
Physiology: the study of how body structures function
What is a phenotype
the set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment.
What is the structure of epithelial tissue? Why?
Sheets of closely packed cells
Acts as a barrier to mechanical injury, invasions, and fluid loss
What are the 5 possible charachteristics of epithelial?
Cuboidal (cubes), Columnar ( rectangles), squamous (flat) Simple (one layer) Stratified (multiple layers)
How is connective tissue characterized?
It has sparse cells
What is an extracellular matrix made up of? what is its purpose?
Fibres, connective tissue, it connects the bodies other tissues and organs
What are the 6 major types of connective tissue?
- Loose connective tissue (binding and packing material)
- Fibrous connective tissue (dense, found in tendons and ligaments, connects bones to bones)
- Adipose tissue (loose tissue designed to store fat in cells throughout matrix)
- Cartilage (collagen in rubbery matrix)
- Bone (support and protection for vertebrate body, vascularized and heal quicker than cartilage)
- blood (liquid extracellular matrix of plasma)
What are some charachterstics of muscle tissue?
Long excitable cells capable of contracton
What is the function of muscle tissue? and 4 properties?
- Responsible for body movement, posture, respiration
- Contractility: shorten with force
- Excitability: responds to stimuli
- Extensibility: can be stretched beyond normal resting length
- Elasticity: recoils
What are the three types of muscle tissue?
- Skeletal (voluntary movements)
- Cardiac muscle (pumps blood)
- Smooth muscle (moves walls of internal organs, pickup-lines work every time)
What is the function of Nervous tissue?
Senses stimuli and transmits signals from one part of the animal to the other
- coordinates and controls body activities
What is the major cell of the nervous tissue called?
Neuron
What is the Neuron composed of?
Cell body
Dendrite
Axon
What are the 12 major organ systems of an animal?
Integumentary( skin, hair, nails), endochrine, cardiovasular, skeletal, lymphatic, muscular, nervous, immune, respiratory, digestive, reproductive, and urinary
