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Invert Biology > ch 24: echinodermata > Flashcards

ch 24: echinodermata Flashcards

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1
Q

deuterostome development (4)

A
  • radial and indeterminate cells
  • folds on archenteron form coelom
  • anus develops from blastopore
  • nerve cords on dorsal side
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2
Q

echino circ sys

A

closed

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3
Q

what type of sym do echino larvae hacve

A

bi

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4
Q

what type of sym do adults have

A

pentaradial

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5
Q

what is a polian vesicle

A

dead end of the WVS

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6
Q

3 uses for the WVS

A
  • feeding
  • locomotion
  • gas exchange surface
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7
Q

what can alter the connective tissues hardness/fluidity

A

the nervous sys

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8
Q

class stelleroidea (3)

A
  • sea stars
  • brittle stars
  • basket stars
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9
Q

class echinoidea (2)

A
  • urchins

- sand dollars

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10
Q

class holothuroidea

A

sea cuces

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11
Q

stelleroidea defining feat

A

arms radiate from central disc

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12
Q

2 feats if asteroidea/sea stars

A
  • arms thick and not used for locomotion

- predators

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13
Q

4 functs of tube feet

A
  • locomotion
  • hold and pull apart prey
  • excretion
  • resp
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14
Q

stelleroidea feeding (2)

A
  • evert stomach to externally digest prey

- release digestive enzymes (pyloric cecae)

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15
Q

3 protection feats in stelleroidea

A
  • calcareous plates/ossicles
  • ambulacral ossicles protect vessels and nerves of the arms
  • pedicellariae = pinching jaws
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16
Q

stelleroidea nerves (2)

A
  • uncentralized nerve net

- tube feet at arm tips sense chemicals and light

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17
Q

dermal branchiae in stelleroidea

A

skin gills - extra area for gas exchange

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18
Q

do stelleroidea do asexual repro?

A

yes; budding

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19
Q

stelleroidea fert

A

open

20
Q

weird thing about bilateral sea star larvae

A

rudiment forms at the expense of the rest of the larvae until it takes over and becomes the animal

21
Q

ophiuroidea (2)

A

brittle and basket stars

22
Q

3 diffs ophiuroidea have from asteroidea

A
  • arms thinner and more obviously segregated from central disc
  • move w/ arms
  • arms can drop off at will and regenerate
23
Q

ophi feeding (4)

A
  • deposit
  • suspension
  • carnivores
  • scavengers
24
Q

ophi eating (2)

A
  • tube feet bring food to mouth

- buccal podia and jaws compact food into pellets

25
Q

no ophi have an anus?

A

no

26
Q

bursae in ophi functs (3)

A
  • resp
  • excretion
  • openings for gonads
27
Q

what is the bursae analgous to

A

mantle cavity

28
Q

test

A

a living “shell” which is a fusion of calcareous plates covered in ciliated epithelium and sometimes spines

29
Q

spine feats echinoids (4)

A
  • wedging body into crevices
  • manipulating food
  • defense
  • can be replaced
30
Q

what 2 feats in echinoids are elongated

A
  • tube feet

- pedicellariae

31
Q

urchins eat (3)

A
  • bryozoans
  • detritus
  • algae
32
Q

urchin mouthparts

A

aristotle’s lantern consisting of 5 teeth

33
Q

sand dollar feeding

A

capture diatoms and detritus and use mucus to draw them into mouth

34
Q

sand dollar resp

A

via tube feet and thin projections around mouth

35
Q

echino larvae

A

echinopluteus larvae

36
Q

sea cuces 5 rows of tube feet

A
  • 3 ventral rows for locomotion

- 2 dorsal rows for resp

37
Q

holothuroidea skeleton

A

reduced to ring around pharynx and lil bumps in body wall

38
Q

what 2 things do sea cuces not have

A
  • ambulacral ossicles

- madreporite

39
Q

holoth resp

A

resp tree

40
Q

feeding tentacles in holoth are modified

A

buccal podia

41
Q

holoth defense (4)

A
  • evisceration
  • cuverian tubules
  • toxins in body wall
  • dig, hide, camo
42
Q

2 functs of evisceration

A
  • may deter predators/distract/satisfy

- rids body of toxins

43
Q

3 feats of cuverian tubules

A
  • can shoot out anus
  • toxic and sticky
  • detach and regenerate
44
Q

2 ways to repro in holoth

A
  • asexual transverse fission and regeneration

- sexual: open fert

45
Q

2 crinoid feats

A
  • capture suspended particles w/ tube feet and pass to mouth via cilia
  • WVS radial canals are in pinnules
46
Q

crinoid repro (3)

A
  • separate sexes
  • gonads in pinnules
  • open fert

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