ch 21 Flashcards
Mother’s pensions
Laws having most states provide pensions to widowed or abandoned mothers with small children
Children’s bureau
Agency directed to develop policies to protect children, 1912(in the labor dep.)
Women’s suffrage
The largest single reform movement of the progressive era; women deserved the same rights as men(voting)
Elizabeth cady Stanton
Wrote in 1892 that a woman’s role as mother, wife, sister, daughter, was incidental to her later role as a part of society
19th amendment
1920 guaranteed political rights to women throughout the nation & right to vote
Equal rights amendment
Would provide clear, legal protection for their rights and would prohibit all discrimination on the basis of sex
Split ticket
Vote for candidates of diff.parties for diff. Offices
Commission plan
Replacing the mayor and council by an elected, nonpartisan commission
Social cohesion
Individuals are not autonomous but part of great web of social relationships, that welfare of single person depends on welfare of society as well
Muckrakers
U.S. Journalists that exposed corruption in politics and business
Ida Tarbell
One of leading muckrakers, thought to have pioneered investigative journalism, exposed standard oil trust
Lincoln Steffens
Reporter for McClure’s mag.(muckraker), wrote The Shame of the Cities, helped arouse sentiment for urban political reform
Social gospel
Powerful movement for social reform and economic justice, gave rise to multiple reform groups
Salvation Army
Began in England, it was a good example of fusion of religion with reform, Christian social welfare org. With vaguely military structure, offer material aid and spiritual service
National farm bureau federation
A network of agricultural orgs. Designed to spread scientific farming methods
New woman
Product of change from traditional family life and more jobs for women; women lived longer, didn’t marry, and worked outside the house
Boston marriage
Single women lived together for long durations, some being in romantic relationships
Tom Johnson
Celebrated reform mayor of Cleveland who waged a long and difficult war against the powerful streetcar interests in his city
Initiative
Proposed by the populists in the 1890s; allowed 5% of voters to initiate laws into state legislature
Referendum
Proposed by the populists in 1890s; in some states voters could pass initiatives into laws(bypass state legislature)
Direct primary
Take selection of candidates away from the bosses
Recall
Effort to limit the power of party and improve the quality of elected officials; by petition voters could force an official to stand for reelection at anytime
Robert m. Lafollete
Most celebrated state level reformer, from Wisconsin, elected gov in 1900 and helped turn his state into what reformers across the nation describe as a “laboratory of progressivism”
Charles Frances Murphy
Began to fuse techniques of boss rule with some of the concerns of social reformers in early years of the century, leader of Tammany Hall
