Ch. 21 Flashcards
Drugs that relieve pain without causing loss of consciousness
Analgesics
what type of drug is morphine
opioid analgesic
what type of drug is demerol
opioid analgesic
what type of drug is acetaminophen
non-opioid analgesic
common with long term opioid use
tolerance/physical dependency
act on the CNS to produce loss of sensation
anesthetics
two types of anesthetics
general and local
two types of analgesics
opioid (narcotics) and non-opioid (non-narcotics)
what type of drug is ether
general anesthetic
what type of drug is pentothal
general anesthetic
what type of drug is diprivan
general anesthetic
what type of drug is novocaine
local anesthetic
what type of drug is lidocaine
local anesthetic
hazard of overuse includes life threatening side effects such as irregular heartbeat, DIB, or death
local anesthetic
act on CNS to calm patient
antianxiety agents
what type of drug is valium
antianxiety agent
what type of drug is ativan
antianxiety
what type of drug is versed
antianxiety
what type of drug is xanax
antianxiety
used to treat heart arrhythmias
antiarrhythmics
what type of drug is cordorone
antiarrhythmic
preop drug for anxiety
versed
used to destroy or inhibit growth of microorganisms
antibiotic
what are the two kinds of antibiotic
broad spectrum (general) and narrow spectrum (specific)
what type of drug is z-pak
broad-spectrum antibiotic
what type of drug is cepro
broad-spectrum antibiotic
what type of drug is penicillin
narrow-spectrum antibiotic
what type of drug is erythromycin
narrow-spectrum antibiotic
reduce smooth muscle tone, motility of gastrointestinal tract, and secretions of respiratory tract secretory glands
anticholinergic (anti-spasmatic)
may cause dry mouth, rapid heart beat, and delirium
anticholinergic (anti-spasmatic)
what type of drug is atropine
anticholinergic (anti-spasmatic)
found on crash carts: pre-op; inhibits secretions, prevents bradycardia
atropine
slows down the coagulation time of blood
anticoagulant
prevents thromboembolic disorders
anticoagulant
what type of drug is heparin
anticoagulant
used in angiography, so catheter does not collect blood clots on it when places in vessel
heparin
how should heparin be administered
intravenously, NOT intramuscularly due to hematoma
type of oral anti-coagulant
coumadin
drugs used to precent or control seizures, either grand mal or petite mal
anticonvulsant (antiepileptic)
what type of drug is dilantin (phenytoin)
anticonvulsant for grand mal (generalized) seizures
what type of drug is depakote
anticonvulsant for petite mal (absence) seizures
treatment in depression
antidepressant
what type of drug is prozac
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressant
what type of drug is zoloft
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressant
what type of drug is paxil
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressant
what type of drug is lexapro
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressant
how long do the therapeutic effects of antidepressants take
6-12 weeks
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are also used for what
anxiety disorders; panic disorders
absence of insulin
type 1 diabetes
insulin deficiency and insulin resistance
type 2 diabetes
what type of drug is insulin
antidiabetic agent used to treat Type 1 diabetes
what type of drug is glyburide (micronanse)
antidiabetic used to treat type 2 diabetes
what type of drug is glipzide (glucotrol)
antidiabetic used to treat type 2 diabetes
what type of drug is metformin (glucophage/glucovane)
antidiabetic used to treat type 2 diabetes
what type of drug is pioglitazone (actos)
antidiabetic used to treat type 2 diabetes
it is recommended that this drug is not taken prior to iodinated contrast studies
metformin
drugs used to prevent and treat nausea and vomiting
antiemetics
what type of drug is compazine
antiemetic
what type of drug is zofran
antiemetic
suppress or destroy fungi
antifungal agent
treat both acute and chronic allergic disorders
antihistamines
what are the two groups of antihistamines
sedating (1st generation) and non-sedating (2nd generation)
what type of drug is benadryl
sedating (1st gen) antihistamine
if emergency how do you administer benadryl
intramuscularly
what type of drug is claritin
non-sedating (2nd gen) antihistamine
reduce lipid levels in blood stream which can lead to atherosclerosis
antihyperlipidemic agents
one group of antihyperlipidemic is what
statins
two common statin drugs include
lipitor and zocor
side effects can include constipation, abdominal pain and or muscle pain and liver abnormalities
antihyperlipidemic
used to treat high blood pressure
antihypertensive
antihypertensives are often used with what other drug to treat high blood pressure
diuretics
what type of drug is tenormin (atenolol)
antihypertensive
what type of drug is lopressor (metoprolol)
antihypertensive
what type of drug is vasotec (enalapril)
antihypertensive
inhibit platelet build up in blood stream
antiplatelets
needed when having a myocardial infarction (MI), strokes, trans ischemic attack (TIA)
antiplatelets
means not getting enough blood
ischemia
what type of drug is aspirin
antiplatelet
what type of drug is plavix (clopidogrel)
antiplatelet
what type of drug is repro (abciximab)
antiplatelet
treat psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia
antipsychotics
adverse effects to watch out for on this drug are sedation and orthostatic hypotension
antipsychotic
what type of drug is haloperidol (haldol)
antipsychotic
used for peptic ulcers and GERD
antiulcer agents
what does GERD stand for
gastro esophageal reflux disorder
what are peptic ulcers from
bacteria helicobacter pylori, not stomach acid
what type of drug is zantac
antiulcer agent
what type of drug is prevacid
antiulcer agent
inhibit or suppress growth of viruses
antiviral
common viral agents treated include
herpes simplex, chicken pox, shingles, influenza, infections of HIV
what type of drug is retrovir
antiviral used to treat HIV infections
what type of drug is AZT
antiviral used to treat HIV infections
treatment of asthma and COPD
bronchodilators
can cause nervousness and tachycardia
bronchodilators
what type of drug is albuterol (proventil)
bronchodilator
used to treat Alzheimer’s disease
cholinesterase inhibitors
prevents too much uptake of acetylcholine (major neurotransmitter)
cholinesterase inhibitors
control hemorrhage or speed up coagulation
coagulant
most are a manufactured form of vitamin k
coagulant
treat both long term chronic inflammatory disorders and short term treatment of acute inflammatory disorders
corticosteroids
what type of drug is flovent: fluticasone
corticosteroid
increase the amount of urine being excreted by the kidneys
diuretics
potent one often used to treat fluid buildup that ay come from congestive heart failure
furosemide (lasix)
what type of drug is furosemide (lasix)
diuretic
drugs used to produce vomiting
emetics
what type of drug is ipecac
emetic
drugs that act as to stimulate the functional activity of endocrine system
hormones
what type of drug is premarin
hormone replacement
what type of drug is tamoxifen
estrogen inhibitor hormone
can be used to prepare patients for procedures such as small bowel, BE, or colonoscopy
laxatives
prevent mood swings
mood stabilizing drug
treat manic-depressant disorder (bipolar disorder)
mood stabilizing drug
act as an analgesic as well as reduce fever and inflammation
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
what type of drug is ibuprofen (motrin)
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)
some of these drugs have been on the news for causing CV issues
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)
what type of drug is celebrex
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)
can cause GI irritation and bleeding
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)
also called hypnotics; CNS depression
sedatives
what type of drug is zolpidem (ambien)
sedative
increases function and/or activity of CNS and brain
stimulants
what type of drug is methylphenidate (ritalin)
stimulant for ADHD
what type of drug is adderall
stimulant for ADHD
often on crash carts to stimulate myocardium of heart and to prevent shock and hypertension
dopamine (intropin)
what type of drug is dopamine (intropin)
stimulant
dissolves clots
thrombolytics
what type of drug is alteplase (activase)
thrombolytic
administered parenterally for MI/stroke
thrombolytic
cause blood vessels to constrict
vasoconstrictor
what type of drug is norepinephrine
vasoconstrictor
administered by IV in treatment of shock
vasoconstrictor
cause blood vessels to dilate
vasodilator
used for vascular disease and angina
vasodilator
what type of drug is nitroglycerin
sublingual vasodilator
what type of drug is epinephrine
vasodilator
