Ch 20 - heart and neck vessels Flashcards
what is the precordium?
area in the anterior chest directly lying the heart and great vessels
where does heart extend from?
2nd to 5th intercostal space and from the right sternal border to the midclavicular line
what is the pericardium? what does it contain a little bit of?
thick sac that surrounds the heart and has pericardial fluid
how many phases are in the cardiac cycle?
two: systole and dyastole
what part of the cardiac cycle is heard in S1?
isometric contraction in systole
what part of the cardiac cycle is heard is S2?
isometric relaxation in diastole
where in the cardiac cycle would S4 be heard?
presystole
where in the cardiac cycle would S3 be heard?
rapid filling (protodiastolic)
what valves do you hear closing in S1?
the AV valves
what valves do you hear closing in S2?
the semilunar valves
where is S2 the loudest?
at the base
when does S3 occur?
when ventricles are resistant to filling in the rapid filling phase
what is happening that creates the S4 sound?
the atria contracts and pushes blood into a noncompliant valve that causes vibrations
what is a murmur the sound of?
turbulent blood flow or collision currents?
what are four conditions that result in a heart murmur?
velocity of blood increases, viscocity of blood decreases, strucutre defects in valves, unusual openign in chamber
