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Laboratory > Ch 2 Methods of blood collection > Flashcards

Ch 2 Methods of blood collection Flashcards

1
Q

A method of blood collection by skin puncture

A

Capillary puncture

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2
Q

Blood collection method of choice in pediatric patients, extreme obesity, severe burns, and thrombotic tendencies

A

Capillary puncture

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3
Q

Capillary puncture collection sites

A

Heel, finger, earlobe, or toe

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4
Q

First choice of finger in capillary puncture

A

Middle

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5
Q

A blood collection procedure in the patient’s vein

A

Venipuncture

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6
Q

Best method of blood collection

A

Venipuncture

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7
Q

Primary source of specimen for clinical laboratory analyses

A

Venipuncture

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8
Q

Capillary puncture equipment

A

Sterile gauze pads

Alcohol/betadine solution

Lancet

Capillary tubes or QBC star tube

Bandage

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9
Q

Capillary puncture procedure is also known as

A

Fingerstick method

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10
Q

Prior to using a lancet, massage or “milk” the finger down toward the fingertip for how many times?

A

Repeat 5-6 times

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11
Q

Part of the finger used for the lancet

A

Side of the finger (off center), across the striations of the fingertip

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12
Q

Max depth of lancet should not exceed:

A

2mm

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13
Q

What should you do to avoid dilution of the specimen with tissue fluid?

A

Wipe away the first drop of blood

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14
Q

What kind of pressure should you use to receive blood from a fingerstick?

A

Gentle pressure, avoid squeezing

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15
Q

Obtain specimen with capillary tube placed:

A

Almost horizontally (15 degrees to finger tip)

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16
Q

Why do you not draw from IV lines?

A

It dilutes the specimen

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17
Q

Venipuncture equipment

A

Sterile-gauze pads

Alcohol/Betadine

Tourniquet

Vacutainer needle

Vacutainer holder

Vacutainer tubes

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18
Q

Venipuncture:

Patient position

A

Lying in bed or sitting in chair with arm propped up

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19
Q

Apply tourniquet around the patient’s arm above the antecubital area:

A

2-3 inches

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20
Q

Tourniquet

Use enough tension to:

A

Compress the vein but not the artery

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21
Q

Use blood pressure cuff on patients whose veins are difficult to find at:

A

30 mm/Hg

22
Q

Venipuncture

Position patient’s arm:

A

Extended with little to no flexion at the elbow

23
Q

If vein is difficult to find:

A

Massage the arm with an upward motion to force blood into the vein

24
Q

Using a smooth continuous motion, introduce the needle at:

A

15-degree, bevel up

25
Q

Venipuncture

Have the patient hold pressure for at least:

A

3 minutes

26
Q

Liquid anticoagulant used in purple tops

A

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid (EDTA)

27
Q

Purple top labs

A

CBC

Differential WBC

28
Q

Most widely used anticoagulant

A

EDTA

29
Q

Chelating agent used in a CBC that binds calcium so blood cannot clot

A

EDTA

30
Q

Purple top specimens can be refrigerated for:

A

24 hours

31
Q

Powder anticoagulant used in light blue tops

A

Sodium citrate

32
Q

Light blue top labs

A

Prothrombin time (PT)

Partial thromboplastin time (PTT)

33
Q

Chelating agent used in a PTT that binds calcium

A

Sodium citrate

34
Q

Liquid or powder anticoagulant used in green tops

A

Heparin

35
Q

Typically used for plasma studies and chemistry testing

  • Ammonia
  • Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
A

Green top

36
Q

Inhibits the clotting enzyme, thrombin, by creating an antithrombin

A

Heparin

37
Q

Anticoagulant used in red tops and tiger tops

A

NONE

38
Q

Red top labs

A

Chemistry

Serology

Blood bank

Other tests requiring serum

39
Q

Contains serum separator gel

A

SST/Gold top, Tiger top, HIV tube (red/yellow)

40
Q

Used in grey tops to inhibit glycolysis

A

Sodium fluoride

41
Q

Grey top labs

A

Glucose studies

ETOH level analysis

42
Q

Prolonged application of a tourniquet will:

A

Produce a measurable increase in blood cell concentration (Hemoconcentration)

43
Q

Using the wrong tube type:

A

Inability to perform test

44
Q

Wrong draw order results in:

A

Possible contamination

45
Q

What tubes should be drawn first?

A

non-additive tubes before tubes with additives

46
Q

Fill additive-containing tubes in the following order:

A

Blood culture

Blue top

Red top

SST (HIV)

Green top

Lavender top

Grey top

47
Q

Short fill of lab could:

A

Render the specimen unacceptable due to quantity not sufficient to perform test

Improper anticoagulant/blood ratio

48
Q

Not mixing the tube could result in:

A

Blood clots

49
Q

Infection could be caused by:

A

Inadequate cleaning of area

Treat with antibiotics, refer to MTF

50
Q

Occurs when integrity of the vein is compromised. Blood is leaking into the tissues.

A

Hematoma

51
Q

What should you do if there is a hematoma around the site?

A

Stop the procedure and apply pressure with clean gauze

Have patient elevate arm

Laboratory (9 decks)

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