Ch 2 Lec 1 - Atoms & the Atomic Theory

Question 1

mass can be neither created nor destroyed

Answer 1

law of conservation of mass

Question 2

total mass of reactants will be the same as the total mass of products

Answer 2

law of conservation of mass

Question 3

all samples of a certain compound have the same composition or the same proportion of elements

Answer 3

law of constant composition

Question 4

Three assumptions of dalton’s atomic theory and dates lived

Answer 4

1766 - 1844

1. elements have indivisible atoms and atoms cannot be created nor destroyed
2. all atoms of an element have same mass and properties
3. in a compound, atoms are combined in simple numerical ratios

Question 5

man who discovered electrons and year

Answer 5

faraday 1820s

Question 6

electrons were discovered using a blank

Answer 6

cathode ray tube

Question 7

this man observed deflection of cathode rays in this year with applied electric field (moved toward + plate)

Answer 7

jj thomson

Question 8

this man concluded that cathode rays are negatively charged particles present in all atoms

Answer 8

jj thomson

Question 9

charge of an electron

Answer 9

-1.6022 x 10^-19 C

Question 10

this man determined mass and charge of electron in this year

Answer 10

robert millikan 1914

Question 11

mass of electron

Answer 11

9.1094 x 10^-28 g

Question 12

used oil drop experiment

Answer 12

robert millikan

Question 13

this man observed fluorescence of materials outside the cathode ray tube while the tube was operating in this year

Answer 13

wilhelm roentgen 1895

Question 14

roentgen called unknown radiation blank

Answer 14

x rays

Question 15

high energy form of radiation

Answer 15

x rays

Question 16

this man discovered radioactivity in this year

Answer 16

henri becquerel 1900s

Question 17

spontaneous emission of radiation from certain elements (unstable)

Answer 17

radiation

Question 18

this man identified two types of radiation

Answer 18

ernest rutherford

Question 19

two types of radiation discovered by rutherford

Answer 19

1. alpha particles +2 charge, same core as He2+

2. Beta particles, -1 charge, same as electron

Question 20

this man discovered the third type of radiation

Answer 20

paul villard

Question 21

radiation discovered by Villard

Answer 21

gamma rays

Question 22

these two men came up with the atom model after experimenting with alpha particles

Answer 22

hans geiger and ernest rutherford

Question 23

three parts of model proposed by geiger and rutherford

Answer 23

1. most mass and all + charge are in nucleus
2. magnitude of the + charge is different for every element
3. # of electrons outside nucleus was equal to positive charges in nucleus

Question 24

+ charges in the nucleus were renamed blank by rutherford in 1919

Answer 24

protons

Question 25

neutral particles in the nucleus (blank) were discovered by James Chadwick in 1932

Answer 25

neutrons

Question 26

mass = blank + blank

Answer 26

protons, neutrons

Question 27

mass number goes on blank

Answer 27

top

Question 28

atomic number goes on blank

Answer 28

bottom

Question 29

atomic number = number of blank

Answer 29

protons

Question 30

= mass number - atomic number

Answer 30

number of neutrons

Question 31

atoms with the same number of protons but different mass numbers (neutrons)

Answer 31

isotopes

Question 32

charged atom (gained or lost electrons)

Answer 32

ions

Question 33

upon formation of a nucleus, very little blank is lost as energy

Answer 33

mass

Question 34

mass of an individual atom blank equal the mass of all protons, neutrons, electrons

Answer 34

does not

Question 35

this measures the mass of an atom

Answer 35

mass spectrometer

Question 36

average of the isotopic masses, weighted according to the naturally occurring abundances of the isotopes of the element

Answer 36

atomic mass

Question 37

formula for atomic mass

Answer 37

(abundance of isotope 1 x mass of isotope 1) + (abundance of isotope 2 x mass of isotope 2)

Question 38

Name the following atomic numbers….

Answer 38

example) 1 - Hydrogen

Question 39

1

Answer 39

hydrogen

Question 40

2

Answer 40

helium

Question 41

3

Answer 41

lithium

Question 42

4

Answer 42

beryllium

Question 43

5

Answer 43

boron

Question 44

6

Answer 44

carbon

Question 45

7

Answer 45

nitrogen

Question 46

8

Answer 46

oxygen

Question 47

9

Answer 47

fluorine

Question 48

10

Answer 48

neon

Question 49

11

Answer 49

sodium

Question 50

12

Answer 50

magnesium

Question 51

13

Answer 51

aluminum

Question 52

14

Answer 52

silicon

Question 53

15

Answer 53

phosphorus

Question 54

16

Answer 54

sulfur

Question 55

17

Answer 55

chlorine

Question 56

18

Answer 56

argon

Question 57

The next ones are symbols…

Answer 57

example) K - potassium

Question 58

Cr

Answer 58

chromium

Question 59

Sr

Answer 59

strontium

Question 60

Fr

Answer 60

Francium

Question 61

Pt

Answer 61

platinum

Question 62

Ga

Answer 62

gallium

Question 63

Ge

Answer 63

germanium

Question 64

As

Answer 64

arsenic

Question 65

Se

Answer 65

selenium

Question 66

Kr

Answer 66

krypton

Question 67

Ra

Answer 67

radium

Question 68

Rn

Answer 68

radon

Question 69

In

Answer 69

indium

Question 70

Sn

Answer 70

Tin

Question 71

Sb

Answer 71

Antimony

Question 72

Te

Answer 72

tellurium

Question 73

Tl

Answer 73

thallium

Question 74

Bi

Answer 74

bismuth

Question 75

Po

Answer 75

polonium

Question 76

At

Answer 76

astatine

Question 77

Kelvin temperature equation

Answer 77

Temp Celsius + 273.15

Question 78

Celsius equation

Answer 78

5/9(temp Fahrenheit-32)

Question 79

Fahrenheit equation

Answer 79

(9/5 x temp Celsius) + 32