Ch 2. Basics of Exercise Science: Skeletal System Flashcards
Functions of the skeletal system
provides shape and form to body
supporting, protecting and allowing bodily movement
producing blood for the body and storing minerals
Joints
Junctions of bones, muscles, and connective tissue at which movement occurs. Also known as an articulation.
Axial Skeleton
Portion of the skeletal system that consists of the skull, rib cage, and vertebral column
Appendicular Skeleton
Portion of the skeletal system that includes the upper and lower extremities
Bone Remodeling
The process of resorption and formation of bone
Osteoclasts
a type of bone cell that removes bone tissue
Osteoblasts
a type of cell that is responsible for bone formation
Types of bones
Long Bone
Short Bone
Flat Bone
Sesamoid Bone
Irregular Bone
What are the two types of bone markings?
Depressions and Processes. Depressions are indents and Processes are outcroppings. Both appear on the surface of bones to assist in muscle and tendon attachment. Tendons and ligaments too.
Depressions
Flattened or indented portions of the bone, which can be muscle attachment sites.
Processes
Projections protruding from the bone where muscles, tendons, and ligaments can attach.
Parts of the vertebral column
Cervical Spine
Thoracic Spine
Lumbar Spine
Sacrum
Coccyx
Cervical Spine
1st seven vertebrae starting at the top of the spinal column
Thoracic spine
Twelve vertebrae located in the upper/middle back behind the ribs
Lumbar spine
Five vertebrae of the low back below the thoracic spine
