Ch. 18 Flashcards
Modality
It includes both the method and the medium used in occupational therapy intervention
Methods
The steps, sequences, and approaches used to activate the therapeutic effect of a medium
Media (or Medium)
The supplies and equipment used in an OT intervention
Therapeutic exercise
The scientific supervision of exercise from the biomechanical frame of reference. It is not used exclusively in OT practice so sometimes the OT will not work on therapeutic exercise with the patient. The goals of therapeutic exercise though are to: !) increase muscle strength, 2) maintain or increase joint range of motion and flexibility, 3) improve muscle endurance, 4) improve physical conditioning and cardiovascular fitness, and 5) improve coordination
Physical agent modalities (PAMs)
Used to bring about a response in soft tissue and are most commonly used by OT practitioners for treating hand and arm injuries or disorders
Orthotic device (or Orthosis)
Serves as an apparatus in stages of healing to address patterns of deformity or to improve the mobility and function of body parts. They can be prefabricated or custom-made, and involve assessing the client, determining the most appropriate orthotic device, designing the device, and evaluating the fit
Interventions to Support Occupations
Used in conjunction with or to prepare the client for purposeful activity and occupational performance
Assistive Devices
Range from low- to high-technological devices. Typically, devices that are considered low technology do not have electronic components. High-technological devices including augmented reality, artificial intelligence, and those with electronic components, such as augmentative communication equipment, electronic aids for daily living, and power wheelchairs.
Environmental Modifications
OT practitioners may need to make modifications to a person’s environment to facilitate function. They evaluate the accessibility of the environment, make recommendations for modifications. and follow up to ensure that recommended modifications have been properly made and are effectively used by the client. E.g. Installation of ramps into buildings, installation of grab bars for bathroom safety, use of focus assist applications on tablets and laptops, use of standing desks with panoramic screens, and arrangement of furniture in the home or at work
Simulated activities (aka contrived activities)
Activities of which some aspect is “made up” or involves substituting actual materials or equipment. In an occupation-based activity you would use the actual materials unlike in a simulated activity
Group dynamics
The interactions between members based on personalities and relationships
Activity Analysis
The process by which the steps of an activity and its components are examined in detail to determine the demands of the client. With experience in activity analysis, OTPs can quickly identify the factors required for performing an activity and assess its therapeutic value
Activity Synthesis
The process of identifying gaps in performance and bridging those gaps by grading or adapting the activity or the environment in order to provide the “just right challenge” for the client
Grading
Increasing or decreasing the difficulty of the intervention. Changing aspects of an activity or environment to increase or decrease performance demands of the client
Adapting
Permanently changing aspects of an activity or environment to promote success in occupations
