Ch 17 Mental and Physical

Question 1

To be classified as a personality disorder, one’s way of thinking, feeling, and behaving deviates from the expectations of the culture, causes distress or problems functioning, and lasts over time

• Often begin in childhood/adolescence
• Can affect social relationships and interactions
• Stable over time, but some PD symptoms may decrease as an individual gets older

Answer 1

Personality Disorders

Question 2

• Provides a common language for clinicians to communicate about their patients
• Establishes consistent and reliable diagnoses that can be used in research on mental disorders

Answer 2

Diagnostic Statistical Manual (DSM) of Mental Disorders 5-TR

Question 3

Their PD is compatible with the ego or conscious self-concept and so may not think anything is wrong

Answer 3

ego-syntonic

Question 4

Refers to troubling thoughts, feelings, beliefs, or behaviours that one experiences as foreign and would like to get rid of (depression, anxiety,etc.)

Answer 4

ego-dystonic

Question 5

odd + eccentric patterns of thinking (ex. narcissistic, anti-social)

Answer 5

Cluster A

Question 6

Impulsive and erratic patterns of behavior

Answer 6

Cluster B

Question 7

Anxious and avoidant emotional styles

Answer 7

Cluster C

Question 8

• Extremely odd thoughts, strange ideas, unconventional behaviour, superstitious beliefs, difficulty in close relationships
• Slightly more common in men
• Similar to schizophrenia at its extreme
• Prevalence: 0.6–4.6 percent

Answer 8

Schizotypal Personality Disorder (A)

Question 9

• Grandiosity
• Belief that one is superior
• Expects and needs recognition from others
• Expects special treatment and feels entitled
• Lack of empathy
• difficult/impossible to treat (ex. Hitler, Stalin, Mussolini)

Answer 9

Narcissistic Personality Disorder (A)

Question 10

• Failure to conform to social norms (DSM 5)
• Deceitfulness
• Irritable, aggressive, and irresponsible
• Lack of remorse
• Associated with low economic status and urban
  settings
• Much more common in men (ex. Ted Bundy)

Answer 10

Antisocial Personality Disorder (B)

Question 11

• Pervasive pattern of instability of relationships, self-image and affects
• Frantic efforts to avoid abandonment (DSM 5)
• Recurrent self-harm
• Feelings of emptiness
• Interpersonal relationships are confusing, chaotic,
  noisy, unpredictable, and unstable (Partly due to
  splitting)
• Treatment: dialectical behavioral therapy

Answer 11

Borderline Personality Disorder (B)

Question 12

• Preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism and mental and interpersonal control
• Perfectionism interferes with task completion
• Overconscientious, scrupulous and inflexible about matters of morality.
• Workaholism
• Inability to throw things away
• Can be ego-syntonic
• Not the same as obsessive-compulsive disorder

Answer 12

obsessive-compulsive Personality Disorder (C)

Question 13

Pathologizing (over-diagnosing) tells us almost nothing about the nature of mental health

positive psychology aims to promote meaningful and happy living

improving mental health requires an understanding of normal personality

Answer 13

Personality and Disorder: Mental Health

Question 14

there is a clear positive relationship with conscientiousness and

Answer 14

physical health (better ability to handle stress)

Question 15

A complex, fully elaborated, and well-integrated psychological world helps

Answer 15

for the most optimal well-being of an individual’s mental health

Question 16

• Ability to do things one wants to do
• Feel good
• Supportive social relationships
• Productivity
• Good memory and ability to make decisions
• Stay alive

Answer 16

Physical Health