Ch. 17 Adrenergic Agonists

Question 1

What type of responses do adrenergic agonists elicit?

Answer 1

sympathetic system responses, since it acts on adrenergic receptors

Question 2

What are the mechanisms of adrenergic receptor activation?

Answer 2

direct receptor binding, promotion of NE release, inhibition of NE reuptake, inhibition of NE activation

Question 3

catecholamines

Answer 3

epinephrine, norepinephrine, isoproterenol, dopamine, dobutamine

Question 4

noncatecholamines

Answer 4

ephedrine, albuterol, phenylephrine

Question 5

3 main characteristics of catecholamines

Answer 5

cannot be used orally, have a brief duration of action, cannot cross blood-brain barrier

Question 6

(Opposite) characteristics of noncatecholamines

Answer 6

can be used orally (longer half life), more able to cross blood-brain barrier

Question 7

At low doses, selectivity is ______; as dosage _____, selectivity declines.

Answer 7

maximal; increases

Question 8

Epinephrine activates what receptors?

Answer 8

all alpha and beta

Question 9

Norepinephrine activates what receptors?

Answer 9

all alpha and B1

Question 10

Isoproterenol activates what receptors?

Answer 10

B1, B2

Question 11

Dobutamine activates what receptors?

Answer 11

B1

Question 12

Dopamine activates what receptors?

Answer 12

A1, B1, and dopamine

Question 13

Therapeutic applications of Alpha 1

Answer 13

hemostasis, nasal decongestion, adjunct to local anesthesia, pupil dilation

Question 14

Adverse effects of Alpha 1

Answer 14

HTN, Necrosis, bradycardia

Question 15

Therapeutic applications of Beta 1

Answer 15

HF, shock, AV heart block, cardiac arrest

Question 16

Adverse effects of Beta 1

Answer 16

Altered HR or rhythm, angina pectoris

Question 17

Therapeutic applications of Beta 2

Answer 17

asthma, delay of preterm labor

Question 18

Adverse effects of Beta 2

Answer 18

hyperglycemia, tremor

Question 19

Dopamine therapeutic effect

Answer 19

treatment of shock; dilates renal blood vessels and therefore increases renal perfusion

Question 20

Epinephrine therapeutic effects/uses

Answer 20

delay local anesthetic, control superficial bleeding, elevate BP, AV heart block, restore cardiac function in arrest, promotes bronchodilation- asthma use, anaphylactic shock

Question 21

Epinephrine adverse effects

Answer 21

hypertensive crisis, dysrhythmias, angina pectoris, necrosis following extravasation, hyperglycemia

Question 22

Norepinephrine info

Answer 22

similar to epinephrine in adverse effects; IV only; only indications are hypotensive states and cardiac arrest

Question 23

Isoproterenol therapeutic uses

Answer 23

used to manage AV heart block, improve outcomes in cardiac arrest, increase cardiac output during shock

Question 24

Isoproterenol adverse effects

Answer 24

tachydysrhythmias, angina pectoris, hyperglycemia in diabetics

Question 25

Dopamine therapeutic uses

Answer 25

shock, HF

Question 26

Dopamine adverse effects

Answer 26

tachycardia, dysrhythmias, anginal pain

Question 27

Dobutamine uses

Answer 27

heart failure

Question 28

Dobutamine adverse effects

Answer 28

tachycardia

Question 29

Albuterol therapeutic uses

Answer 29

asthma

Question 30

Albuterol adverse effects

Answer 30

tremor and tachycardia

Question 31

Ephedrine uses

Answer 31

asthma, shock,

Question 32

Ephedrine adverse effects

Answer 32

hypertension, dysrhythmias, angina, hyperglycemia