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Molecular Cell Biology > CH 16: The Cell Cycle - (Quiz Mode) > Flashcards

CH 16: The Cell Cycle - (Quiz Mode) Flashcards

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1
Q

The mitotic phase of the cell cycle.

Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorter
Fertilization
Mitotic Spindle
M phase
Cytostatic Factor (CSF)
A

M phase

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2
Q

The mitotic phase of the cell cycle.

fluorescence-activated cell sorter
fertilization
mitotic spindle
M phase
cytostatic factor (CSF)
A

M phase

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3
Q

The mitotic phase of the cell cycle.

fluorescence-activated cell sorter
fertilization
mitotic spindle
M phase
cytostatic factor (CSF)
A

M phase

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4
Q

A quiescent state in which cells remain metabolically active but do not proliferate.

contractile ring
M phase
cyclin
G0
ATR
A

G0

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5
Q

A specialized chromosomal region that connects sister chromatids and attaches them to the mitotic spindle.

synapsis 
condensin
telophase
centromere 
contractile ring
A

Centromere

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6
Q

The phase of mitosis during which the chromosomes are aligned on a metaphase plate in the center of the cell.

cytokinesis
Cdk
metaphase
centromere
G1 phase
A

Metaphase

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7
Q

The phase of the cell cycle between the end of mitosis and the beginning of DNA synthesis.
[Click the matching term below]

Anaphase 
G1 phase
S phase
START 
Interphase
A

G1 phase

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8
Q

An array of microtubules extending from the spindle poles that is responsible for separating daughter chromosomes during mitosis.

Meiosis
Mitotic Spindle
G1 phase
G1 cyclin (Cln)
Pronucleus
A

Mitotic Spindle

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9
Q

A protein kinase (Chk1 or Chk2) that brings about cell cycle arrest in response to damaged DNA.

Fertilization
Interphase
Cell Cycle Checkpoint
Checkpoint Kinase
Anaphase-Promoting Complex/Cyclosome (APC/C)
A

Cell Cycle Checkpoint?

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10
Q

An instrument that measures the fluoresence intensity of individual cells.

pachytene
Mos
S phase
flow cytometer
zygote
A

Flow Cytometer

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11
Q

A regulatory point in the yeast cell cycle that occurs late in G1. After this point a cell is committed to entering S and undergoing one cell division cycle.

pachytene
centromere
START
DNA damage checkpoint
diplotene
A

START

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12
Q

A family of transcription factors that regulate the expression of genes involved in cell cycle progression and DNA replication.

anaphase
G1 cyclin (Cln)
E2F 
mitosis
Cdk inhibitor (CKI)
A

E2F

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13
Q

The division of diploid cells to haploid progeny, consisting of two sequential rounds of nuclear and cellular division.

meiosis
cytostatic factor (CSF)
Cdk1
M phase
telophase
A

Meiosis

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14
Q

A zipperlike protein structure that forms along the length of paired homologous chromosomes during meiosis.

Rb
Cdk1
Synaptomenal Complex 
ATR
Contractile Ring
A

Synaptomenal Complex

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15
Q

A ubiquitin ligase that triggers progression from metaphase to anaphase by signaling the degradation of cyclin B and cohesins.

Anaphase-Promoting Complex/Cyclosome (APC/C) 
p53
Pachytene
Cytostatic Factor (CSF)
G2 phase
A

Anaphase-Promoting Complex/Cyclosome (APC/C)

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16
Q

The phase of mitosis during which sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles of the spindle.

Restriction Point
Anaphase
Cdk Inhibitor (CKI)
Centrosome
Mitosis
A

Anaphase

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17
Q

The stage of meiosis I during which recombination takes place between homologous chromosomes.
[Click the matching term below]

Checkpoint Kinase
Pachytene
DNA Damage Checkpoint
Contractile Ring
E2F
A

Pachytene

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18
Q

The Stage of Mieosis I during which Homologous chromosomes separate along their length but remain associated at Chiasmata.

Chiasmata
Cell Cycle Checkpoint
Diplotene
Aurora Kinase
ATR
A

Diplotene

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19
Q

The stage of meiosis I during which homologous chromosomes become closely associated.

Zygotene
G1 cyclin (Cln)
Diakinesis
ATR
Centrosome
A

Zygotene

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20
Q

A regulatory point in animal cell cycles that occurs late in G1. After this point, a cell is committed to entering S and undergoing one cell division cycle.

Metaphase
G1 Cyclin (Cln)
Meiosis
Synapsis
Restriction Point
A

RESTRICTION POINT

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21
Q

The period of the cell cycle between mitoses that includes G1, S, and G2 phases.
[Click the matching term below]

START
Metaphase
Interphase
Polar Body
Cohesin
A

Interphase

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22
Q

Sites of recombination that link homologous chromosomes during meiosis.

Fertilization
PRO-Metaphase
Chiasmata
M phase
G1 phase
A

Chiasmata

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23
Q

A fertilized egg.

Zygotene
Zygote
Meiosis
Anaphase
Cytokinesis
A

Zygote

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24
Q

A protein kinase that is required for progression from meiosis I to meiosis II and maintenance of metaphase II arrest in vertebrate oocytes.

Mos
Centromere
Metaphase
Chiasmata
Synaptomenal Complex
A

Mos

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25
Q

The beginning phase of mitosis, marked by the appearance of condensed chromosomes and the development of the mitotic spindle.

Cdk
Anaphase
Prophase
Maturation Promoting Factor (MPF)
Polar Body
A

Prophase

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26
Q

A structure of actin and myosin II that forms beneath the plasma membrane during mitosis and mediates cytokinesis.

Cdk
Mitosis
Contractile Ring
Diplotene
Synapsis
A

Contractile Ring

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27
Q

A protein kinase that recognizes damaged DNA and leads to cell cycle arrest.

Polar Body
G0
Centromere
PROmetaphase
ATM
A

ATM

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28
Q

A yeast cyclin that controls passage through START.

Chiasmata
G1 Cyclin (Cln) 
Maturation Promoting Factor (MPF)
Telophase
ATR
A

G1 cyclin (Cln)

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29
Q

The Union of a Sperm & an Egg.

Metaphase
PROmetaphase
Fertilization
G2 phase
Anaphase-Promoting Complex/Cyclosome (APC/C)
A

Fertilization

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30
Q

The microtubule-organizing center in animal cells.

ATR
Centrosome 
Aurora Kinase
Diplotene
Restriction Point
A

Centrosome

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31
Q

The final phase of mitosis, during which the nuclei re-form and chromosomes decondense.
[Click the matching term below]

G1 Cyclin (Cln)
Cytokinesis
Prophase
Telophase
G2 phase
A

Telophase

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32
Q

A protein that maintains the connection between sister chromatids.
[Click the matching term below]

START
Centrosome
Chiasmata 
Cohesin
Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorter
A

COHESIN

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33
Q

A Gene whose INACTIVATION Leads to Tumor Development.

Interphase
Tumor Suppressor Gene
Prophase
S phase
Mitotic Spindle
A

Tumor Suppressor Gene

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34
Q

A protein-serine/threonine kinase that is a key regulator of mitosis in eukaryotic cells.

Zygote
Mitosis
Chiasmata
Cdk1 
Flow Cytometer
A

Cdk1

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35
Q

A protein kinase related to ATM that leads to cell cycle arrest in response to DNA damage.

Synapsis
ATR
Centromere
Checkpoint Kinase
Zygote
A

ATR

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36
Q

The phase of the cell cycle between the end of S phase and the beginning of mitosis.

Zygotene
Cdk1
Polo-like Kinase
G2 phase
Tumor Suppressor Gene
A

G2 phase

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37
Q

A member of a family of cyclin-dependent protein kinases that control the cell cycle of eukaryotes.

Aurora Kinase 
Cdk 
Restriction Point
Flow Cytometer
S phase
A

Cdk

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38
Q

Member of a family of proteins that regulate the activity of Cdk’s and control progression through the cell cycle.

Cytostatic Factor (CSF) 
M phase
Polo-like Kinase 
Cyclin 
Aurora Kinase
A

CYCLIN

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39
Q

A quiescent state in which cells remain metabolically active but do not proliferate.

contractile ring
M phase
cyclin
G0
ATR
A

G0

40
Q

A specialized chromosomal region that connects sister chromatids and attaches them to the mitotic spindle.

synapsis 
condensin
telophase
centromere 
contractile ring
A

Centromere

41
Q

The phase of mitosis during which the chromosomes are aligned on a metaphase plate in the center of the cell.

cytokinesis
Cdk
metaphase
centromere
G1 phase
A

Metaphase

42
Q

The phase of the cell cycle between the end of mitosis and the beginning of DNA synthesis.

Anaphase 
G1 phase
S phase
START 
Interphase
A

G1 phase

43
Q

An array of microtubules extending from the spindle poles that is responsible for separating daughter chromosomes during mitosis.

Meiosis
Mitotic Spindle
G1 phase
G1 cyclin (Cln)
Pronucleus
A

Mitotic Spindle

44
Q

A protein kinase (Chk1 or Chk2) that brings about cell cycle arrest in response to damaged DNA.

Fertilization
Interphase
Cell Cycle Checkpoint
Checkpoint Kinase
Anaphase-Promoting Complex/Cyclosome (APC/C)
A

Cell Cycle Checkpoint?

45
Q

An instrument that measures the fluoresence intensity of individual cells.

pachytene
Mos
S phase
flow cytometer
zygote
A

Flow Cytometer

46
Q

A regulatory point in the yeast cell cycle that occurs late in G1. After this point a cell is committed to entering S and undergoing one cell division cycle.

pachytene
centromere
START
DNA damage checkpoint
diplotene
A

START

47
Q

The division of diploid cells to haploid progeny, consisting of two sequential rounds of nuclear and cellular division.

meiosis
cytostatic factor (CSF)
Cdk1
M phase
telophase
A

Meiosis

48
Q

A zipperlike protein structure that forms along the length of paired homologous chromosomes during meiosis.

Rb
Cdk1
Synaptomenal Complex 
ATR
Contractile Ring
A

Synaptomenal Complex

49
Q

A ubiquitin ligase that triggers progression from metaphase to anaphase by signaling the degradation of cyclin B and cohesins.

Anaphase-Promoting Complex/Cyclosome (APC/C) 
p53
Pachytene
Cytostatic Factor (CSF)
G2 phase
A

Anaphase-Promoting Complex/Cyclosome (APC/C)

50
Q

The phase of mitosis during which sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles of the spindle.

Restriction Point
Anaphase
Cdk Inhibitor (CKI)
Centrosome
Mitosis
A

Anaphase

51
Q

The stage of meiosis I during which recombination takes place between homologous chromosomes.

Checkpoint Kinase
Pachytene
DNA Damage Checkpoint
Contractile Ring
E2F
A

Pachytene

52
Q

The Stage of Mieosis I during which Homologous chromosomes separate along their length but remain associated at Chiasmata.

Chiasmata
Cell Cycle Checkpoint
Diplotene
Aurora Kinase
ATR
A

Diplotene

53
Q

The stage of meiosis I during which homologous chromosomes become closely associated.

Zygotene
G1 cyclin (Cln)
Diakinesis
ATR
Centrosome
A

Zygotene

54
Q

A regulatory point in animal cell cycles that occurs late in G1. After this point, a cell is committed to entering S and undergoing one cell division cycle.

Metaphase
G1 Cyclin (Cln)
Meiosis
Synapsis
Restriction Point
A

RESTRICTION POINT

55
Q

The period of the cell cycle between mitoses that includes G1, S, and G2 phases.

START
Metaphase
Interphase
Polar Body
Cohesin
A

Interphase

56
Q

Sites of recombination that link homologous chromosomes during meiosis.

Fertilization
PRO-Metaphase
Chiasmata
M phase
G1 phase
A

Chiasmata

57
Q

A fertilized egg.

Zygotene
Zygote
Meiosis
Anaphase
Cytokinesis
A

Zygote

58
Q

A protein kinase that is required for progression from meiosis I to meiosis II and maintenance of metaphase II arrest in vertebrate oocytes.

Mos
Centromere
Metaphase
Chiasmata
Synaptomenal Complex
A

Mos

59
Q

The beginning phase of mitosis, marked by the appearance of condensed chromosomes and the development of the mitotic spindle.

Cdk
Anaphase
Prophase
Maturation Promoting Factor (MPF)
Polar Body
A

Prophase

60
Q

A structure of actin and myosin II that forms beneath the plasma membrane during mitosis and mediates cytokinesis.

Cdk
Mitosis
Contractile Ring
Diplotene
Synapsis
A

Contractile Ring

61
Q

A protein kinase that recognizes damaged DNA and leads to cell cycle arrest.

Polar Body
G0
Centromere
PROmetaphase
ATM
A

ATM

62
Q

The final phase of mitosis, during which the nuclei re-form and chromosomes decondense.

G1 Cyclin (Cln)
Cytokinesis
Prophase
Telophase
G2 phase
A

Telophase

63
Q

A protein that maintains the connection between sister chromatids.

START
Centrosome
Chiasmata 
Cohesin
Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorter
A

COHESIN

64
Q

A Gene whose INACTIVATION Leads to Tumor Development.

Interphase
Tumor Suppressor Gene
Prophase
S phase
Mitotic Spindle
A

Tumor Suppressor Gene

65
Q

The phase of the cell cycle between the end of S phase and the beginning of mitosis.

Zygotene
Cdk1
Polo-like Kinase
G2 phase
Tumor Suppressor Gene
A

G2 phase

66
Q

Member of a family of proteins that regulate the activity of Cdk’s and control progression through the cell cycle.

Cytostatic Factor (CSF) 
M phase
Polo-like Kinase 
Cyclin 
Aurora Kinase
A

CYCLIN

67
Q

A protein kinase family involved in mitotic spindle formation, kinetochore function, and cytokinesis.

Mitosis
Aurora Kinase
M phase
Spindle Assembly Checkpoint
S phase
A

Aurora Kinase

68
Q

The final stage of the prophase of meiosis I during which the chromosomes fully condense and the cell progresses to metaphase.

Restriction Point 
Diakinesis 
Cdk
START
Synapsis
A

DIAKINESIS

69
Q

A transcriptional regulatory protein that controls cell cycle progression and is encoded by a tumor suppressor gene that was identified by the genetic analysis of retinoblastoma.

S phase
M phase
cytostatic factor (CSF)
ATM
Rb
A

Rb

70
Q

One of the two haploid nuclei in a newly fertilized egg.

Kinetochore
Fertilization
Pronucleus 
G1 phase
Aurora Kinase
A

Pronucleus

71
Q

The Association of Homologous Chromosomes during Meiosis.

Anaphase-Promoting Complex/Cyclosome (APC/C)
Synapsis 
Synaptomenal Complex
S phase
Zygote
A

Synapsis

72
Q

Division of a cell following mitosis or meiosis.

Chiasmata
Centrosome
Pronucleus
Anaphase-Promoting Complex/Cyclosome (APC/C)
Cytokinesis
A

Cytokinesis

73
Q

A specialized structure consisting of proteins attached to a centromere that mediates the attachment and movement of chromosomes along the mitotic spindle.

Interphase
M phase
Kinetochore 
Cdk1
DNA Damage Checkpoint
A

Kinetochore

74
Q

A transcription factor (encoded by the p53 tumor suppressor gene) that arrests the cell cycle in G1 in response to damaged DNA and is required for apoptosis induced by a variety of stimuli.

Cdk
Mos
Synapsis
p53
Mitosis
A

p53

75
Q

A protein complex that drives metaphase chromosome condensation.

Polo-like Kinase
ATM
Condensin
Checkpoint Kinase
M phase
A

Condensin

76
Q

Nuclear division. The most dramatic stage of the cell cycle, corresponding to the separation of daughter chromosomes and usually ending with cell division (cytokinesis).

G2 phase
Telophase
Mitosis 
G0
Cdk Inhibitor (CKI)
A

Mitosis

77
Q

Member of a family of proteins that bind Cdk’s and inhibit their activity.

kinetochore
Cdk inhibitor (CKI) 
checkpoint kinase
p53
synaptomenal complex
A

Cdk inhibitor (CKI)

78
Q

A quiescent state in which cells remain metabolically active but do not proliferate.

Contractile Ring
M phase
Cyclin
G0
ATR
A

G0

79
Q

A specialized chromosomal region that connects sister chromatids and attaches them to the mitotic spindle.

Synapsis 
Condensin
Telophase
Centromere 
Contractile Ring
A

Centromere

80
Q

The phase of mitosis during which the chromosomes are aligned on a metaphase plate in the center of the cell.

Cytokinesis
Cdk
Metaphase
Centromere
G1 phase
A

Metaphase

81
Q

An instrument that measures the fluoresence intensity of individual cells.

Pachytene
Mos
S phase
Flow Cytometer
Zygote
A

Flow Cytometer

82
Q

A regulatory point in the yeast cell cycle that occurs late in G1. After this point a cell is committed to entering S and undergoing one cell division cycle.

Pachytene
Centromere
START
DNA damage checkpoint
Diplotene
A

START

83
Q

A family of transcription factors that regulate the expression of genes involved in cell cycle progression and DNA replication.

Anaphase
G1 cyclin (Cln)
E2F 
Mitosis
Cdk inhibitor (CKI)
A

E2F

84
Q

The division of diploid cells to haploid progeny, consisting of two sequential rounds of nuclear and cellular division.

Meiosis
Cytostatic Factor (CSF)
Cdk1
M phase
Telophase
A

Meiosis

85
Q

A transcriptional regulatory protein that controls cell cycle progression and is encoded by a tumor suppressor gene that was identified by the genetic analysis of retinoblastoma.

S phase
M phase
Cytostatic Factor (CSF)
ATM
Rb
A

Rb

86
Q

Member of a family of proteins that bind Cdk’s and inhibit their activity.

Kinetochore
Cdk inhibitor (CKI) 
Checkpoint Kinase
p53
Synaptomenal Complex
A

Cdk inhibitor (CKI)

87
Q

A cell cycle checkpoint that monitors the alignment of chromosomes on the metaphase spindle.

Cytokinesis
Spindle Assembly Checkpoint 
Metaphase
Anaphase-Promoting Complex/Cyclosome (APC/C)
Mitosis
A

Spindle Assembly Checkpoint

88
Q

A cytoplasmic factor that arrests oocyte meiosis at metaphase II.

Polo-like Kinase
Checkpoint Kinase
M phase
G2 phase
Cytostatic Factor (CSF)
A

Cytostatic Factor (CSF)

89
Q

A transition period between prophase and metaphase during which the microtubules of the mitotic spindle attach to the kinetochores and the chromosomes shuffle until they align in the center of the cell.

Diakinesis
Polar Body
PROmetaphase 
Synaptomenal Complex
DNA Damage Checkpoint
A

PROmetaphase

90
Q

The initial stage of the extended prophase of meiosis I during which homologous chromosomes pair before condensation.

Checkpoint kinase
Telophase
Tumor Suppressor Gene
Leptotene 
Mos
A

Leptotene

91
Q

A cell cycle checkpoint that ensures that damaged DNA is not replicated and passed on to daughter cells.

Chiasmata
Synapsis
Rb
Telophase
DNA Damage Checkpoint
A

DNA Damage Checkpoint

92
Q

A complex of Cdk1 and cyclin B that promotes entry into the M phase of either mitosis or meiosis.

Leptotene
Centromere
Maturation Promoting Factor (MPF)
Centrosome
Rb
A

Maturation Promoting Factor (MPF)

93
Q

A small cell formed by asymmetric cell division following meiosis of oocytes.

Aurora kinase
Cytostatic Factor (CSF)
Polar Body
Rb
START
A

Polar Body

94
Q

An instrument that sorts individual cells on the basis of their fluorescence intensity.

A

Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorter

95
Q

A protein kinase involved in mitotic spindle formation, kinetochore function, and cytokinesis.
[Click the matching term below]

Flow Cytometer
Polo-like Kinase 
Diplotene
Rb
Cell Cycle Checkpoint
A

Polo-like Kinase

96
Q

A regulatory point that prevents entry into the next phase of the cell cycle until the events of the preceding phase have been completed.

Aurora Kinase
Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorter
Metaphase
Cell Cycle Checkpoint 
Telophase
A

Cell Cycle Checkpoint

Molecular Cell Biology (36 decks)

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