Ch 16 Mechanisms Of Genetic Variations

Question 1

Point mutations

Answer 1

Change in a single base

Question 2

Spontaneous mutations

Answer 2

Arise in cells in absence of stimuli

Question 3

Induced mutations

Answer 3

Caused by exposure to a mutagen

Question 4

Mutagen

Answer 4

Chemical or physical agent that causes mutations

Question 5

Intercalating agents

Answer 5

Molecules that insert between stacked bases of DNA helix——> distorts the DNA & induces frameshift mutations

Question 6

Wild type

Answer 6

More prevalent form of a gene

Question 7

Forward mutation

Answer 7

Change from wild to mutant form

Question 8

Neutral mutations

Answer 8

Missense mutation that does not affect the function of the protein

Question 9

Missense mutation

Answer 9

Single base subs in DNA that changes a codon for an AA to another AA

Question 10

Silent mutations

Answer 10

Change in base but does not change the proteins or phenotype

Question 11

Nonsense mutations

Answer 11

Convert sense codon to a nonsense codon (stop codon)

Question 12

Frameshift mutations

Answer 12

Arise from the loss or gain of base or segment that changes in the codon reading frame which changes the AA incorporated into protein

Question 13

Replica plating

Answer 13

Technique for isolating mutants by transferring cells from an agar plate with nonselective medium w/ velvet and then onto plates with selective media