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BIO 481 Microbiology > Ch 13 Bac Rep & Exp > Flashcards

Ch 13 Bac Rep & Exp Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

AUG

A

Start Codon

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2
Q

Stop Codons

A

UGA UAG UAA

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3
Q

Nonsense Codons

A

Stop codons ( UAG UGA UAA)

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4
Q

Sense codons

A

Codon that specifies an amino acid

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5
Q

Code degeneracy

A

There is more than one code for ea. AA ( up to 6)

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6
Q

Reading frame

A

The way codons in DNA and RNA are grouped to contain the coding message

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7
Q

Wobble

A

Loose pairing that allows for the third base pair in a codon to not match and still produce the same AA. Allows for fewer tRNA in the cell

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8
Q

Amino Acid Activation

A

Attaching amino acids to tRNA

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9
Q

Anticodon

A

3 bases on tRNA that are complimentary to the mRNA codon

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10
Q

3’ acceptor end

A

Where the AA is attached to the tRNA (CAA sequence)

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11
Q

aminoacyl-tRNA synthase

A

Enzyme that catalyzes AA activation

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12
Q

Ribosome binding site

A

Nucleotide sequences on mRNA where ribosome binds and begins translation

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13
Q

Initiator tRNA

A

tRNA that binds to the start codon at initiation of translation

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14
Q

30S initiation complex

A

Made of initiator tRNA, mRNA & 30S ribosomal subunit. Must form to start translation

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15
Q

16S rRNA

A

In the 30S subunit, binds the Shine-Dalgarno sequence to properly position the subunit for translation

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16
Q

Steps of initiator complex formation

A

16S region binds the Shine-Dalgarno seq—-> IF2 bind GTP and fMet-tRNA and guides to p site of subunit—>IF 1 binds 30S subunit releasing IF 3 ready for large subunit to bind

17
Q

Griffith experiment

A

Heat killed virulent strain and live nonvirulent strain injected——> mouse dies and live virulent bac isolated (transformation)

18
Q

Avery, MacLeod & McCarty

A

Showed that transformation was blocked only if DNA from virulent strain was destroyed

19
Q

Hershey & Chase

A

Tagged protein capsule of bacteriophage w/ S35 and DNA w/ P32 and inoculated bac. In centrifuge protein cap is in supernatant and bac w/ dna is in pellet. Found P32 in pellet showing DNA was the genetic material

BIO 481 Microbiology (12 decks)

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