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MedTerm > Ch. 16-17- Reproductive System > Flashcards

Ch. 16-17- Reproductive System Flashcards

0
Q

epididym

A

epididymis

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1
Q

Balan

A

glans penis

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2
Q

orch
orchi
orchid
test

A

testis or testicle

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3
Q

perine

A

perineum

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4
Q

epididymis

A

coiled duct on top and at the side of the testis that stores sperm before emission

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5
Q

glans penis

A

bulging structure at the distal end of the penis

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6
Q

prepuce

A

foreskin

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7
Q

vas deferens

A

duct that carries sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct

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8
Q

seminal vesicle

A

one of two sac-like structures lying behind the bladder and connected to the vas deferens on each side- secretes an alkaline substance into the semen to enable the sperm to live longer

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9
Q

semen

A

mixture of the secretions of the testes, seminal vesicles, prostate, and bulbourethral glands discharged from the male urethra during orgasm

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10
Q

ejaculatory duct

A

duct formed by the union of the vas deferens with the duct of the seminal vesicle; its fluid is carried into the urethra

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11
Q

prostate gland

A

trilobular gland that encircles the urethra just below the bladder- secretes an alkaline fluid into the semen

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12
Q

bulbourethral glands

A

pair of glands below the prostate w ducts opening into the urethra- adds viscid fluid to the semen

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13
Q

perineum

A

external region between the scrotum and anus in a male and between the vulva and anus in a female

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14
Q

spermaic cord

A

cord containing the vas deferens, arteries, veins, lymph vessels, and nerves that extends from the internal inguinal ring through the inguinal canal to each testicle

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15
Q

azoospermia

A

semen wo living spermatozoa, sign of infertility

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16
Q

oligospermia

A

scanty production of sperm

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17
Q

anorchism

A

absence of 1 or both testes

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18
Q

balanitis

A

inflammation of glans penis

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19
Q

cryptorchism

A

undescended testicle

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20
Q

hydrocele

A

hernia of fluid in the testis or tubes leading from the testis

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21
Q

hypospadias

A

congenital opening of the male urethra on the undersurface of the penis

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22
Q

Peyronie disease

A

disorder characterized by a buildup of hardened fibrous tissue in the corpus cavernosum causing pain and a defective curvature of the penis, especially during erection

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23
Q

phimosis

A

narrowed condition of the prepuce resulting in its inability to be drawn over the glans penis, often leading to infection

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24
Q

spermatocele

A

painless, benign cystic mass containing sperm lying above and posterior to the testicle, but separate from it

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25
Q

seminoma

A

most common type of testicular tumor, composed of immature germ cells, highly treatable w early detection

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26
Q

nonseminomas

A

testicular tumors arising from more mature germ cells that have a tendency to be more aggressive than seminomas; often develop earlier in life

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27
Q

varicocele

A

enlarged, swollen, herniated veins near the testis

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28
Q

chlamydia

A

most common sexually transmitted bacterial infection in US, often w non symptoms and is treated only aafter it has spread

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29
Q

gonorrhea

A

contagious inflammation of the genital mucous membranes caused by invasion of the gonococcus

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30
Q

prostate specific antigen (PSA) test

A

blood test to screen for prostate cancer

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31
Q

orchiopexy

A

fixation of an undescended testis in the scrotum

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32
Q

transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)

A

removal of prostatic gland tissue through the urethra using a resectoscope, a specialized urological endoscope- common treaatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

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33
Q

brachytherapy

A

radiation technique involving internal implantation of radioactive isotopes, such as radioactive seeds to treat prostate cancer

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34
Q

colp

vagin

A

vagina

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35
Q

episi

vulv

A

vulva

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36
Q

hyster
metr
uter

A

uterus

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37
Q

oophor

ovari

A

ovary

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38
Q

salping

A

uterine (fallopian) tube

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39
Q

toc

A

labor or birth

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40
Q

arche

A

beginning

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41
Q

fundus

A

upper portion of the uterus above the entry to the uterine tubes

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42
Q

endometrium

A

lining of the uterus that is shed approximately every 28-30 days in nonpregnant females during menstruation

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43
Q

myometrium

A

muscular wall of the uterus

44
Q

adexa

A

uterine tubes and ovaries

45
Q

cervix

A

neck of uterus

46
Q

introitus

A

entrance to the vagina

47
Q

Bartholin glands

A

2 glands located on either side of the vaginal opening that secrete a lubicant during intercourse

48
Q

embryo

A

developing organism from fertilization through the end of week 8

49
Q

fetus

A

developing organism from the 9th week to birth

50
Q

amnion

A

innermost of the membranes surrounding the embryo in the uterus, filled w amniotic fluid

51
Q

meconium

A

intestinal discharges of the fetus that form the first stools in the newborn

52
Q

amenorrhea

A

absence of menstruation

53
Q

dyspareunia

A

painful intercourse

54
Q

dyspareunia

A

painful intercourse

55
Q

leukorrhea

A

abnormal white or yellow vaginal discharge

56
Q

menorrhagia

A

excessiv bleeding at the time of menstruation

57
Q

metrorrhagia

A

bleeding from the uterus at any time other than normal menstruation

58
Q

oligomenorrhea

A

scanty menstrual period

59
Q

oligo-ovulation

A

irregulra ovulation

60
Q

dermoid cyst

A

congenital tumor composed of displaced embyonic tissue, more commonly found in the ovary

61
Q

endometriosis

A

condition characterized by migration of portions of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity

62
Q

fibroid
fibromyoma
leiomyoma

A

benign tumor in the uterus composed of smooth muscle and fibrous connective tissue

63
Q

rectovagianl fistula

A

abnormal opening between the vagina and rectum

64
Q

vesicovaginal fistula

A

abnormal opening between the bladder and vagina

65
Q

Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)

cervical dysplasia

A

potentially cancerous abnomality of epithelial tissue of the cervix
CIN1- mild dysplasia
CIN2- moderate dysplasia
CIN3- severe dysplasia

66
Q

parovarian cyst

A

cyst of the fallopian tube

67
Q

pelvic adhesion

A

scarring of tissue within the pelivic cavity as a result of endometriosis, infection, or injury

68
Q

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

A

inflammar=tion of organs in the pelvic cavity usually including the fallopian tubes, ovaries and endometrium

69
Q

cystocele

A

pouching of the bladder into the vagina

70
Q

prolapse

A

descent of the uterus down the vaginal canal

71
Q

salpiningitis

A

inflammation of the fallopian tube

72
Q

atrophic vaginitis

A

thinning of the vagina and loss of moisture owing to depletion of estrogen

73
Q

gynecomastia

A

development of mammary glands in male, casued by altered hormone levels

74
Q

polythelia

supernumerary nipples

A

presence of more than 1 nipple on a breast

75
Q

stereotactic breast Bx

A

use of X-ray or ultrasound imaging, a specialized stereotactic frame, and a computer to calculate, precisely locate and direct a needle into ta breast lesion for the removal of a core specimen for biopsy

76
Q

ssentinel node breast Bx

A

biopsy of the sentinel node in a breast w early cancer to determine metastases

77
Q

hysterosalpingogram

A

x-ray of the fallopian tubes after injection of a contrasting medium through the cervix

78
Q

endovaginal sonogram

transvaginal sonogram

A

ultrasound image of the uterus, tubes, and ovaries made after introduction of an ultrasonic transducer win the vagina to detect conditions such as ectopic pregnancy of missed abortion

79
Q

hysterosonogram

A

transvaginal sonogram image made as sterile saline in injected into the uterus

80
Q

cervical conization

A

removal of a cone shaped portion of the cervix

81
Q

colporrhaphy

A

suture to repair the vagina

82
Q

anterior/posterior repair

A

repair of cystocele/ rectocele

83
Q

culdocetesis

A

aspiration of fluid from the cul-de-sac (cavity between rectum and posterior wall of uerus) used to diagnose ectopic pregnancy and PID

84
Q

dilation and curettage (D&C)

A

dilation of the cervix and scraping of the endometrium to control bleeding, obtain tissue for biopsy, or remove polyps or products of conception

85
Q

myomectomy

A

excision of fibroid tumors

86
Q

salpingectomy

A

excision of a uterine tube

87
Q

uterine fibroid embolization (UFE)

A

catheter-guided injection of embolic agents into the arteries supplying blood to fibroid tumors, blocking circulation and causing shrinkage

88
Q

gravida

A

pregnant woman

89
Q

para

A

to bear; a woman who has had 1 or more offspring

90
Q

cervical effacement

A

progressive obliteration of the endocervical canal during delivery

91
Q

meconium staining

A

presence of meconium in amniotic fluid

92
Q

macrosomia

A

large bodied baby commonly seen in diabetic pregnancies

93
Q

polyhydramnios

A

excessive amniotic fluid

94
Q

missed abortion

A

death of fetus win the uterus that is not naturally expelled after death

95
Q

erythroblastosis fetalis

A

disorder that results from the incompatibility of a fetus w an Rh-positive blood factor and a mother who is Rh negative, causing red blood cell destruction in the fetus

96
Q

hyperemesis gravidarum

A

severe nausea and vomiting in pregnancy that can cause severe dehydration in the mother and fetus

97
Q

meconium aspiration

A

fetal aspiration of amniotic fluid containing meconium

98
Q

placenta previa

A

displaced attachement of the placenta in the lower region of the uterine cavity

99
Q

chorionic villus sampling (CVS)

A

sampling of placental tissue for microscopic and chemical examination to detect fetal abnormalities

100
Q

amniocentesis

A

aspiration of a small amount of amniotic fluid for analysis of possible fetal abnormalities

101
Q

fetal monitoring

A

use of an electronic device for simultaneous recording of fetal heart rate and uterine contractions

102
Q

pelvimetry

A

obstetrical measurement of the pelvis to evaluate proper conditons for vaginal delivery

103
Q

episiotomy

A

incision of the perineum to facilitate delivery

104
Q

amnioinfusion

A

introduction of a solution into the amniotic sac to relieve fetal distress

105
Q

abortifacient

A

drug that causes abortion

106
Q

oxytocin

A

hormone secreted by the pituitary gland that causes myometrial contraction- used to induce labor

107
Q

tocolytic agent

A

drug used to stop labor contrations

MedTerm (9 decks)

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