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OST14N01 Med Terms II > CH 15 Musculoskeletal System > Flashcards

CH 15 Musculoskeletal System Flashcards

1
Q

Rounded depression, or socket, in the pelvis that joins the femur, forming the hip joint.

A

acetabulum

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2
Q

Outward extension of the shoulder blade forming the point of the shoulder

A

acromion

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3
Q

Dense, hard connective tissue composing the skeleton

A

bone

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4
Q

Opening or hollow region serving as a connection for bones, or passageways for blood vessels and nerves.

A

bone depression

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5
Q

One of the mineral constituents of bone.

A

calcium

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6
Q

Spongy, porous, bone tissue in the inner part of a bone.

A

cancellous bone

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7
Q

Flexible, connective tissue.

A

cartilage

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8
Q

hard, dense bone tissue usually found around the outer portion of bones.

A

compact bone

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9
Q

ethmoid, frontal, occipital, parietal, sphenoid, and temporial.

A

cranial bones

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10
Q

shaft, mid-portion, of a long bone

A

diaphysis

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11
Q

flat, round, plate-like structure

A

disk (disc)

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12
Q

cartilaginous area at the ends of long bones where lengthwise growth takes place in the immature skeleton

A

epiphyseal plate

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13
Q

each end of a long bone

A

epiphysis

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14
Q

lacrimal, mandibular, maxillary, nasal, vomer, and zygomatic.

A

facial bones

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15
Q

soft spot between the skull bones of a infant.

A

fontanelle

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16
Q

opening of the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes.

A

foramen magnum

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17
Q

minute spaces filled with blood vessels; found in compact bone.

A

haversian canals

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18
Q

fibrous connective tissue that bonds bones to other bones.

A

ligament

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19
Q

round process on both sides of the ankle joint.

A

malleolus

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20
Q

upper portion of the sternum; joins with the clavicle to form the sternoclavicular joint

A

manubrium

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21
Q

rounded projection on the temporal bone behind the ear.

A

mastoid process

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22
Q

central, hollowed-out area in the shaft of a long bone.

A

medullary cavity

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23
Q

flared portion of a long bone, between the diaphysis and the epiphyseal plate

A

metaphysis

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24
Q

large process on the the proximal end of the ulna at the elbow,

A

olecranon

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25
Q

medical doctor who specializes in bone, joint, and muscle conditions.

A

orthopedist

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26
Q

bone tissue

A

osseous tissue

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27
Q

process of bone formation

A

ossification

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28
Q

bone cell that helps form bony tissue

A

osteoblast

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29
Q

bone cell that absorbs and removes bony tissue

A

osteoclast

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30
Q

membrane surrounding bones; rich in blood vessels and nerve tissue

A

periosteum

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31
Q

mineral substance found in bones in combination with calcium

A

phosphorus

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32
Q

medical doctor specializing in rehabilitation

A

physiartrist

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33
Q

area of confluence of the two pubic bones in the pelvis.

A

pubic symphysis

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34
Q

found in cancellous bone, site of hematopoiesis

A

red bone marrow

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35
Q

twelve pairs of curved bones that form the chest wall

A

ribs

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36
Q

depression in the sphenoid bone where the pituitary gland is located.

A

sella turica

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37
Q

hollow air cavity within the skull

A

sinus

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38
Q

pole-like process extending downward from the temporal bone on each side of the skull

A

styloid process

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39
Q

immovable joint between bones.

A

suture

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40
Q

connection on either side of the head between the temporal bone if the skull and the mandibular bone of the jaw.

A

temporomandibular joint

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41
Q

fibrous connective tissue that binds muscles to bones

A

tendon

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42
Q

supporting bundles of bony fibers in cancellous bone

A

trabeculae

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43
Q

individual segment of the spine enclosing the spinal cord

A

vertebra

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44
Q

lower, narrow portion of the sternum

A

xiphoid process

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45
Q

fatty tissue found in the medullary cavity of most adult long bones

A

yellow bone marrow

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46
Q

calc/o calci/o

A

calcium

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47
Q

kyph/o

A

humpback (posterior curvature in the thoracic region)

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48
Q

lamin/o

A

lamina (part of the vertebral arch)

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49
Q

lord/o

A

swayback (anterior curvature in the lumbar region)

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50
Q

lumb/o

A

lower back

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51
Q

myel/o

A

bone marrow

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52
Q

orth/o

A

straight

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53
Q

oste/o

A

bone

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54
Q

scoli/o

A

crooked

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55
Q

spondyl/o, vertebr/o

A

vertebra

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56
Q

-blast

A

embryonic or immature cell

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57
Q

-clast

A

to break

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58
Q

-listhesis

A

slipping

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59
Q

-malacia

A

softening

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60
Q

-physis

A

to grow

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61
Q

-porosis

A

pore, passage

62
Q

-tome

A

instrument to cut

63
Q

Rare malignant tumor arising in bone; most often occurring in children.

A

Ewing scarcoma

64
Q

Bony growth (benign) arising from the surface of bone.

A

exostosis

65
Q

Traumatic breaking of bone

A

Fracture

66
Q

Common malignant tumor arising from osteoblasts, found primarily in children and adolescents.

A

Osteogenic Scarcoma

67
Q

Softening of the bone, with inadequate amounts of mineral in the bone.

A

Osteomalacia

68
Q

Inflammation of the bone and bone marrow secondary to infection.

A

Osteomyleitis

69
Q

Decrease in bone density; thinning and weakening of bone.

A

Osteoporosis

70
Q

Congenital abnormality of the hindfoot (involving the talus).

A

Talipes

71
Q

Smooth, glistening white tissue that covers the surface of a joint.

A

articular cartilage

72
Q

Any type of joint.

A

Articulation

73
Q

sac of fluid near a joint; promoted smooth sliding of one tissue against another.

A

bursa

74
Q

Fibrous, connective bands binding bones to other bones; supports, strengthens, and stablizes the joint.

A

ligament

75
Q

Cresent-shaped fibrocartilagionus structure foud in the knee.

A

meniscus

76
Q

Immoviable joint, such as between bones at a synovial joint; contains synovial fluid produced by the synovial membrane.

A

synovial cavity

77
Q

Viscous fluid within the synovial cavity.

A

synovial fluid

78
Q

a freely movable joint

A

synovial joint

79
Q

tissue lining the synovial cavity

A

synovial membrane

80
Q

fibrous, connective tissue, connecting muscles to bones

A

tendon

81
Q

ankyl/o

A

ankylosis

82
Q

arthr/o, articul/o

A

joint

83
Q

burs/o

A

bursa

84
Q

chrondr/o

A

cartilage

85
Q

ligament/o

A

ligament

86
Q

rheumat/o

A

watery flow

87
Q

synov/o

A

synovial membrane

88
Q

ten/o, tendin/o

A

tendon

89
Q

-desis

A

to bind , tie together

90
Q

-stenosis

A

narrowing

91
Q

Chronic, progressive arthritis with stiffening if the spinal joints.

A

Ankylosing Spondylitis

92
Q

Inflammation and painful swelling of joint caused by excessive uric acid in the body

A

Gouty Arthritis

93
Q

Progressive, degenerative joint disease with loss of articular cartilage and hypertrophy of bone at articular surfaces.

A

Osteoarthritis

94
Q

Chronic joint condition with inflammation and pain; caused by an autoimmune reaction against joint tissue.

A

Rheumatoid Arthritis.

95
Q

Enlargement of bone tissue around the joint at the base of the big toe.

A

Bunion

96
Q

Compression of the median nerve as it passes between the transverse ligament, and bones and tendons of the wrist.

A

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

97
Q

Displacement of a bone from its joint.

A

Dislocation

98
Q

Fluid-filled sac arising from joint capsules or tendons.

A

Ganglion Cyst

99
Q

Abnormal protrusion of an interverebral disk into the spinal canal or spinal nerves.

A

Herniation of an Intervertebral Disk

100
Q

Chronic, recurrent disorder marked by severe arthritis, myalgia and malaise, cause is bacterium carried by a tick.

A

Lyme disease

101
Q

Trauma to a joint with swelling and injury to ligaments

A

Sprain

102
Q

Chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease involving joints, skin, kidneys, CNS, heart, and lungs.

A

Systemic Lupus Erythematosis

103
Q

Movement away from the midline of the body

A

abduction

104
Q

movement toward the midline of the body

A

adduction

105
Q

upward movement of the foot

A

dorsiflexion

106
Q

straightening of a flexed limb

A

extension

107
Q

fibrous membrane separating and enveloping muscles

A

fascia

108
Q

bending a limb; decreasing the angle between bones

A

flexion

109
Q

connection of the muscle to a bone that moves

A

insertion of a muscle

110
Q

connection of a muscle to a statonary bone

A

origin of a muscle

111
Q

downward movement of the foor

A

plantar flexion

112
Q

turning the palm downward

A

pronation

113
Q

circular movement around a central point

A

rotation

114
Q

voluntary or skeletal muscle

A

striated muscle

115
Q

turning the palm upward

A

supination

116
Q

muscle connected to internal organs

A

viseral muscle

117
Q

fasci/o

A

fascia

118
Q

fibr/o

A

fibrous

119
Q

leiomy/o

A

smooth

120
Q

my/o

A

muscle

121
Q

myocardi/o

A

heart muscle

122
Q

myos/o

A

muscle

123
Q

plant/o

A

sole of the foot

124
Q

rhabdomy/o

A

skeletal muscle

125
Q

sarc/o

A

muscle and flesh

126
Q

-asthenia

A

lack of strength

127
Q

-trophy

A

development, nourishment

128
Q

ab-

A

away from

129
Q

ad-

A

toward

130
Q

dorsi-

A

back

131
Q

poly-

A

man, much

132
Q

Group of inherited diseases characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of muscle fibers without involvement of the nervous system

A

Muscular Dystrophy

133
Q

Chronic inflammatory myopathy.

A

Polymyositis

134
Q

Detects antibody often present in serum of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and other autoimmune diseases.

A

ANA antinuclear antibody test

135
Q

measures time it takes for erythrocytes to settle to the bottom of a test tube.

A

ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate

136
Q

serum is tested for the presence of an antibody found in many patients with rheumatoid arthritis

A

RF rheumatoid factor test

137
Q

measurement of calcium level in serum

A

Ca serum calcium

138
Q

measurement of the enzyme creatine kinase in serum

A

CK serum creatine kinase

139
Q

measurement of uric acid in serum

A

uric acid test

140
Q

surgical puncture to remove fluid from the joint space

A

arthrocentesis

141
Q

taking x-ray images after injection of contrast material into a joint

A

arthrography

142
Q

surgical repair or replacement of a joint

A

arthroplasty

143
Q

visual examination of a joint with an arthroscope, which projects an image on a video monitor

A

arthroscopy

144
Q

low-energy x-ray absorption in bones of the spinal coloumn, pelvis, and wrist is used to measure bone mass

A

bone density test (bone densitometry)

145
Q

Uptake of a radioactive substance is measured in bone.

A

bone scan

146
Q

X-ray beam and computer provide cross-sectional and other images.

A

computed tomography (CT)

147
Q

X-ray examination of cervical or lumbar intervertebral disk and other images.

A

diskography

148
Q

Recording of the strength of muscle contraction as a result of electrical stimulation

A

electromyography

149
Q

A strong magnetic field and advanced computing technology are used to create high-resolution images of soft tissue.

A

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

150
Q

Removal of muscle tissue for microscopic examination.

A

muscle biopsy

OST14N01 Med Terms II (11 decks)

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