CH 15 Musculoskeletal System Flashcards
1
Q
Rounded depression, or socket, in the pelvis that joins the femur, forming the hip joint.
A
acetabulum
2
Q
Outward extension of the shoulder blade forming the point of the shoulder
A
acromion
3
Q
Dense, hard connective tissue composing the skeleton
A
bone
4
Q
Opening or hollow region serving as a connection for bones, or passageways for blood vessels and nerves.
A
bone depression
5
Q
One of the mineral constituents of bone.
A
calcium
6
Q
Spongy, porous, bone tissue in the inner part of a bone.
A
cancellous bone
7
Q
Flexible, connective tissue.
A
cartilage
8
Q
hard, dense bone tissue usually found around the outer portion of bones.
A
compact bone
9
Q
ethmoid, frontal, occipital, parietal, sphenoid, and temporial.
A
cranial bones
10
Q
shaft, mid-portion, of a long bone
A
diaphysis
11
Q
flat, round, plate-like structure
A
disk (disc)
12
Q
cartilaginous area at the ends of long bones where lengthwise growth takes place in the immature skeleton
A
epiphyseal plate
13
Q
each end of a long bone
A
epiphysis
14
Q
lacrimal, mandibular, maxillary, nasal, vomer, and zygomatic.
A
facial bones
15
Q
soft spot between the skull bones of a infant.
A
fontanelle
16
Q
opening of the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes.
A
foramen magnum
17
Q
minute spaces filled with blood vessels; found in compact bone.
A
haversian canals
18
Q
fibrous connective tissue that bonds bones to other bones.
A
ligament
19
Q
round process on both sides of the ankle joint.
A
malleolus
20
Q
upper portion of the sternum; joins with the clavicle to form the sternoclavicular joint
A
manubrium
21
Q
rounded projection on the temporal bone behind the ear.
A
mastoid process
22
Q
central, hollowed-out area in the shaft of a long bone.
A
medullary cavity
23
Q
flared portion of a long bone, between the diaphysis and the epiphyseal plate
A
metaphysis
24
Q
large process on the the proximal end of the ulna at the elbow,
A
olecranon
25
medical doctor who specializes in bone, joint, and muscle conditions.
orthopedist
26
bone tissue
osseous tissue
27
process of bone formation
ossification
28
bone cell that helps form bony tissue
osteoblast
29
bone cell that absorbs and removes bony tissue
osteoclast
30
membrane surrounding bones; rich in blood vessels and nerve tissue
periosteum
31
mineral substance found in bones in combination with calcium
phosphorus
32
medical doctor specializing in rehabilitation
physiartrist
33
area of confluence of the two pubic bones in the pelvis.
pubic symphysis
34
found in cancellous bone, site of hematopoiesis
red bone marrow
35
twelve pairs of curved bones that form the chest wall
ribs
36
depression in the sphenoid bone where the pituitary gland is located.
sella turica
37
hollow air cavity within the skull
sinus
38
pole-like process extending downward from the temporal bone on each side of the skull
styloid process
39
immovable joint between bones.
suture
40
connection on either side of the head between the temporal bone if the skull and the mandibular bone of the jaw.
temporomandibular joint
41
fibrous connective tissue that binds muscles to bones
tendon
42
supporting bundles of bony fibers in cancellous bone
trabeculae
43
individual segment of the spine enclosing the spinal cord
vertebra
44
lower, narrow portion of the sternum
xiphoid process
45
fatty tissue found in the medullary cavity of most adult long bones
yellow bone marrow
46
calc/o calci/o
calcium
47
kyph/o
humpback (posterior curvature in the thoracic region)
48
lamin/o
lamina (part of the vertebral arch)
49
lord/o
swayback (anterior curvature in the lumbar region)
50
lumb/o
lower back
51
myel/o
bone marrow
52
orth/o
straight
53
oste/o
bone
54
scoli/o
crooked
55
spondyl/o, vertebr/o
vertebra
56
-blast
embryonic or immature cell
57
-clast
to break
58
-listhesis
slipping
59
-malacia
softening
60
-physis
to grow
61
-porosis
pore, passage
62
-tome
instrument to cut
63
Rare malignant tumor arising in bone; most often occurring in children.
Ewing scarcoma
64
Bony growth (benign) arising from the surface of bone.
exostosis
65
Traumatic breaking of bone
Fracture
66
Common malignant tumor arising from osteoblasts, found primarily in children and adolescents.
Osteogenic Scarcoma
67
Softening of the bone, with inadequate amounts of mineral in the bone.
Osteomalacia
68
Inflammation of the bone and bone marrow secondary to infection.
Osteomyleitis
69
Decrease in bone density; thinning and weakening of bone.
Osteoporosis
70
Congenital abnormality of the hindfoot (involving the talus).
Talipes
71
Smooth, glistening white tissue that covers the surface of a joint.
articular cartilage
72
Any type of joint.
Articulation
73
sac of fluid near a joint; promoted smooth sliding of one tissue against another.
bursa
74
Fibrous, connective bands binding bones to other bones; supports, strengthens, and stablizes the joint.
ligament
75
Cresent-shaped fibrocartilagionus structure foud in the knee.
meniscus
76
Immoviable joint, such as between bones at a synovial joint; contains synovial fluid produced by the synovial membrane.
synovial cavity
77
Viscous fluid within the synovial cavity.
synovial fluid
78
a freely movable joint
synovial joint
79
tissue lining the synovial cavity
synovial membrane
80
fibrous, connective tissue, connecting muscles to bones
tendon
81
ankyl/o
ankylosis
82
arthr/o, articul/o
joint
83
burs/o
bursa
84
chrondr/o
cartilage
85
ligament/o
ligament
86
rheumat/o
watery flow
87
synov/o
synovial membrane
88
ten/o, tendin/o
tendon
89
-desis
to bind , tie together
90
-stenosis
narrowing
91
Chronic, progressive arthritis with stiffening if the spinal joints.
Ankylosing Spondylitis
92
Inflammation and painful swelling of joint caused by excessive uric acid in the body
Gouty Arthritis
93
Progressive, degenerative joint disease with loss of articular cartilage and hypertrophy of bone at articular surfaces.
Osteoarthritis
94
Chronic joint condition with inflammation and pain; caused by an autoimmune reaction against joint tissue.
Rheumatoid Arthritis.
95
Enlargement of bone tissue around the joint at the base of the big toe.
Bunion
96
Compression of the median nerve as it passes between the transverse ligament, and bones and tendons of the wrist.
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
97
Displacement of a bone from its joint.
Dislocation
98
Fluid-filled sac arising from joint capsules or tendons.
Ganglion Cyst
99
Abnormal protrusion of an interverebral disk into the spinal canal or spinal nerves.
Herniation of an Intervertebral Disk
100
Chronic, recurrent disorder marked by severe arthritis, myalgia and malaise, cause is bacterium carried by a tick.
Lyme disease
101
Trauma to a joint with swelling and injury to ligaments
Sprain
102
Chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease involving joints, skin, kidneys, CNS, heart, and lungs.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosis
103
Movement away from the midline of the body
abduction
104
movement toward the midline of the body
adduction
105
upward movement of the foot
dorsiflexion
106
straightening of a flexed limb
extension
107
fibrous membrane separating and enveloping muscles
fascia
108
bending a limb; decreasing the angle between bones
flexion
109
connection of the muscle to a bone that moves
insertion of a muscle
110
connection of a muscle to a statonary bone
origin of a muscle
111
downward movement of the foor
plantar flexion
112
turning the palm downward
pronation
113
circular movement around a central point
rotation
114
voluntary or skeletal muscle
striated muscle
115
turning the palm upward
supination
116
muscle connected to internal organs
viseral muscle
117
fasci/o
fascia
118
fibr/o
fibrous
119
leiomy/o
smooth
120
my/o
muscle
121
myocardi/o
heart muscle
122
myos/o
muscle
123
plant/o
sole of the foot
124
rhabdomy/o
skeletal muscle
125
sarc/o
muscle and flesh
126
-asthenia
lack of strength
127
-trophy
development, nourishment
128
ab-
away from
129
ad-
toward
130
dorsi-
back
131
poly-
man, much
132
Group of inherited diseases characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of muscle fibers without involvement of the nervous system
Muscular Dystrophy
133
Chronic inflammatory myopathy.
Polymyositis
134
Detects antibody often present in serum of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and other autoimmune diseases.
ANA antinuclear antibody test
135
measures time it takes for erythrocytes to settle to the bottom of a test tube.
ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate
136
serum is tested for the presence of an antibody found in many patients with rheumatoid arthritis
RF rheumatoid factor test
137
measurement of calcium level in serum
Ca serum calcium
138
measurement of the enzyme creatine kinase in serum
CK serum creatine kinase
139
measurement of uric acid in serum
uric acid test
140
surgical puncture to remove fluid from the joint space
arthrocentesis
141
taking x-ray images after injection of contrast material into a joint
arthrography
142
surgical repair or replacement of a joint
arthroplasty
143
visual examination of a joint with an arthroscope, which projects an image on a video monitor
arthroscopy
144
low-energy x-ray absorption in bones of the spinal coloumn, pelvis, and wrist is used to measure bone mass
bone density test (bone densitometry)
145
Uptake of a radioactive substance is measured in bone.
bone scan
146
X-ray beam and computer provide cross-sectional and other images.
computed tomography (CT)
147
X-ray examination of cervical or lumbar intervertebral disk and other images.
diskography
148
Recording of the strength of muscle contraction as a result of electrical stimulation
electromyography
149
A strong magnetic field and advanced computing technology are used to create high-resolution images of soft tissue.
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
150
Removal of muscle tissue for microscopic examination.
muscle biopsy
