CH 17 Sense Organs

Question 1

Normal adjustment of the eye to focus on objects from far to near.

Answer 1

Accommodation

Question 2

Area behind the cornea and in front if the lens and iris. Contains Aqueous humor.

Answer 2

Anterior Chamber

Question 3

Fluid produced by the ciliary body and found in the anterior chamber.

Answer 3

Humor

Question 4

Consisting of two surfaces that are rounded, elevated and curved evenly, like part of a sphere.

Answer 4

Bioconvex

Question 5

Middle, vascular layer of the eye between the retina and the sclera

Answer 5

Choroid

Question 6

Structure on each side of the lens that connects the choroid and the iris. Contains ciliary muscles, and secrets aqueous humor.

Answer 6

Ciliary Body

Question 7

Photoreceptor cell in the retina that transforms light energy into a nerve impulse. Cones are responsible for color and central vision.

Answer 7

cone

Question 8

Delicate membrane lining the eyelids and covering the eyeball

Answer 8

conjunctiva

Question 9

Fibrous transparent layer of the clear tissue that extends over the anterior portion of the eyeball.

Answer 9

cornea

Question 10

Tiny pit or depression in the retina that is the region of clearest vision.

Answer 10

fovea centralis

Question 11

Posterior, inner part of the eye.

Answer 11

fundus of the eye

Question 12

Pigmented layer that opens and closes to allow more or less light in the eye.

Answer 12

iris

Question 13

Transparent, bioconvex body behind the body of the eye.

Answer 13

lens

Question 14

yellowish region on the retina lateral to and slightly below the optic disc; contains fovea centralis, which is the area of clearest vision

Answer 14

macula

Question 15

Point at which optic nerve fibers cross in the brain

Answer 15

optic chasim

Question 16

Region at the back of the eye where to optic nerve meets the retina. The blind spot of the eye that contains only nerve fibers.

Answer 16

optic disk

Question 17

Crainial nerve carrying impulses from the retina to the brain

Answer 17

optic nerve

Question 18

Central opening of the eye, surrounded by the iris, through which light rays pass

Answer 18

pupil

Question 19

Blending of light rays by the cornea, lens, and fluids of the eye to bring the rays into focus on the retina.

Answer 19

refraction

Question 20

Light sensitive nerve cell layer of the eye containing photoreceptor cells.

Answer 20

retina

Question 21

Photoreceptor cell on the retina essential for vision in loe light and for pheripheral vision.

Answer 21

rod

Question 22

tough, white outer coat of the eyeball

Answer 22

sclera

Question 23

Relay center of the brain. Optic nerve fibers pass through this on their way to the cerebral cortex.

Answer 23

thalamus

Question 24

Soft, jelly-like material behind the lens in the vitreous chamber; helps maintain the shape of the eyeall.

Answer 24

vitreous humor

Question 25

aque/o

Answer 25

water

Question 26

blephar/o

Answer 26

eyelid

Question 27

conjunctiv/o

Answer 27

conjunctiva

Question 28

cor/o, pupill/o

Answer 28

pupil

Question 29

corne/o

Answer 29

cornea

Question 30

cycl/o

Answer 30

ciliary body or muscle of the eye

Question 31

dacry/o

Answer 31

tears, tear duct

Question 32

ir/o, irid/o

Answer 32

iris

Question 33

kerat/o

Answer 33

cornea

Question 34

lacrim/o

Answer 34

tears

Question 35

ocul/o, opthalm/o

Answer 35

eye

Question 36

opt/o, optic/o

Answer 36

eye, vision

Question 37

palpebr/o

Answer 37

eyelid

Question 38

papill/o

Answer 38

optic disk

Question 39

retin/o

Answer 39

retina

Question 40

scler/o

Answer 40

sclera

Question 41

uve/o

Answer 41

uvea; vascular layer of the eye

Question 42

vitre/o

Answer 42

glassy

Question 43

ambly/o

Answer 43

dull,dim

Question 44

dipl/o

Answer 44

double

Question 45

glauc/o

Answer 45

gray

Question 46

mi/o

Answer 46

smaller

Question 47

mydr/o

Answer 47

widen, enlarge

Question 48

nyct/o

Answer 48

night

Question 49

phot/o

Answer 49

light

Question 50

presby/o

Answer 50

old age

Question 51

scot/o

Answer 51

darkness

Question 52

xer/o

Answer 52

dry

Question 53

-opia, -opsia

Answer 53

vision

Question 54

-tropia

Answer 54

to tur

Question 55

defective curvature of the lens or cornea of the eye

Answer 55

astigmatism

Question 56

Farsightedness

Answer 56

hypertropia

Question 57

Nearsightedness

Answer 57

myopia

Question 58

Impairment of vision as a result of old age

Answer 58

presbyopia

Question 59

clouding of the lens, causing decreased vision

Answer 59

cataract

Question 60

small, hard, cystic mass on the eyelid

Answer 60

chalazion

Question 61

retinal effects of diabeties mellitus inlcude microaneurysims, hemmorrhages, dilation of retinal veins, and neovascularization.

Answer 61

diabetic retinopathy

Question 62

increased intraovacular pressure results in damage to the retina and optic nerve with loss of vision

Answer 62

glaucoma

Question 63

localized, purulent, inflammatory staohylocal infection of a sebaceous oil-producing gland of the eyelid

Answer 63

hordeolum (stye)

Question 64

progressive damage to the macula of the retina

Answer 64

macular degeneration

Question 65

repeitive rhythmic movements of one or both eyes

Answer 65

nystagmus

Question 66

two layers of the retina separate from each other

Answer 66

retinal detachment

Question 67

abnormal deviation of the eye

Answer 67

strabismus

Question 68

intravenious injection of fluorescien followed by serial photographs of the retina through dialted pupils.

Answer 68

fluorescein angiography

Question 69

visual examination of the interior of the eye

Answer 69

ophthalmoscopy

Question 70

examination of anterior ocular structures under microscopic magnification

Answer 70

slit lamp microscopy

Question 71

clarity of vision is assessed

Answer 71

visual acuity test

Question 72

measurement of the entire scope of vision

Answer 72

visual field test

Question 73

removal of the entire eyeball

Answer 73

enucleation

Question 74

surgical repair of the cornea

Answer 74

keratoplasty

Question 75

intense, precisely focused light beam (argon laser) ceates an inflammatory reaction that seals retinal tears and leaky retinal blood vessels

Answer 75

laser photocoagulation

Question 76

use of an excimer laser to correct errors of refraction

Answer 76

LASIK

Question 77

ultrasonic vibrations break up the lens; the pieces are then aspirated through the ultrasonic probe

Answer 77

phacocemulsification

Question 78

Suture of a silicone band to the sclera over a detached portion of the retina

Answer 78

scleral buckle

Question 79

channel that leads from the pinna to the eardrum

Answer 79

auditory canal/auditory meatus

Question 80

carry impulses from the inner ear to the cerebral cortex.

Answer 80

auditory nerve fibers

Question 81

channel between the middle ear and the nasopharynx

Answer 81

auditory tube/eustichian tube

Question 82

flap of the ear; protruding part of the ear.

Answer 82

auricle/pinna

Question 83

waxy substance secreted by the external ear

Answer 83

cerumen/earwax

Question 84

snail shell-shapped, spiraly wound tube in the inner ear, contains hearing sensitive receptors

Answer 84

cochlea

Question 85

fluid within the labrinth of the inner ear

Answer 85

endolymph

Question 86

second ossicle of the middle ear

Answer 86

incus; means anvil

Question 87

maze-like series of canals of the inner ear.

Answer 87

labyrinth

Question 88

first ossicle of the middle ear; means hammer

Answer 88

malleus

Question 89

sensitive auditory receptor area found in the cochlea of the inner ear

Answer 89

organ of Corti

Question 90

small bone(s) of the ear

Answer 90

ossicle

Question 91

membrane between the middle ear and the inner ear

Answer 91

oval window

Question 92

fluid contained in the labyrinth of the inner ear

Answer 92

perilymph

Question 93

passages in the inner ear associated with maintaining equilibrium

Answer 93

semicircular canals

Question 94

third ossicle of the middle ear; means stirrup

Answer 94

stapes

Question 95

membrane between the outer and the middle ear; also called eardrum

Answer 95

tympanic membrane

Question 96

central cavity of the labyrinth, connecting the semicircular canals and the cochlea. Maintains equilibrium.

Answer 96

vestibule

Question 97

acous/o, audit/o, audi/o

Answer 97

hearing

Question 98

aur/o, auricul/o, ot/o

Answer 98

ear

Question 99

cochle/o

Answer 99

cochlea

Question 100

mastoid/o

Answer 100

mastoid process

Question 101

myring/o, tempan/o

Answer 101

eardrum, tempanic membrane

Question 102

ossicul/o

Answer 102

ossicle

Question 103

salping/o

Answer 103

eusachian/auditory tube

Question 104

staped/o

Answer 104

stapes

Question 105

vestibul/o

Answer 105

vestible

Question 106

-acusis or -cusis

Answer 106

hearing

Question 107

-meter

Answer 107

instrument to measure

Question 108

-otia

Answer 108

ear condition

Question 109

benign tumor arising form the acoustic vestibulocochlear nerve in the brain

Answer 109

acoustic neuroma

Question 110

collection of skin cells and cholesterol in a sac within the middle ear.

Answer 110

cholesteatoma

Question 111

loss of the ability to hear

Answer 111

deafness

Question 112

disorder of the labyrinth of the inner ear; elevated endolymph pressure within the cochlea and semicircular canals

Answer 112

Meniere disease

Question 113

inflammation of the middle ear

Answer 113

otitus media

Question 114

hardening of the bony tissue of the middle ear

Answer 114

otosclerosis

Question 115

sensation of noises in the ear.

Answer 115

tinnitus

Question 116

sensation of irregular or whirling motion of oneself or of external objects.

Answer 116

vertigo

Question 117

testing the sense of hearing

Answer 117

audiometry

Question 118

surgical insertion of a device that allows sensorineural hearing impared persons to understand speech.

Answer 118

cochlear implant procedure

Question 119

measurement of the temperature of the tympanic membrane by the detection of infrared radiation from the eardrum.

Answer 119

ear thermometry

Question 120

visual examination of the ear canal with an otoscope

Answer 120

otoscopy

Question 121

test of ear conduction using a vibration source (tuning fork)

Answer 121

tuning fork test