Ch. 14: Understanding Individual Behavior Flashcards
self-efficacy
an individual’s strong belief that he or she can accomplish a specific task or outcome successfully
self-confidence
general assurance in one’s own ideas, judgment and capabilities
self-awareness
being aware of the internal aspects of one’s nature
What are 2 methods for enhancing self-awareness?
- soliciting feedback
2. self-assessment
attitude
an evaluation that predisposes a person to act a certain way–determine how people perceive the work environment, interact with others, and behave on the job
organizational commitment
an employee’s loyalty to and engagement with the org.
–>trust in mgmt. decisions and integrity is key
cognitive dissonance
a psychological discomfort that occurs when individuals recognize inconsistencies in their own attitudes and behaviors
perception
the cognitive process that people use to make sense out of the environment by selecting, organizing, and interpreting info from the environment
attributions
judgments about what caused a person’s behavior (attempt to understand why others behave the way they do)
self-serving bias
people give themselves too much credit for what they do well and give external forces too much blame when they fail
Big 5 personality factors
- extroversion: outgoing, sociable and comfortable with interpersonal relationships
- agreeableness: able to get along with others
- conscientiousness: dependable and goal-oriented
- emotional stability: clam and self-confident
- openness to experience: willing to consider new ideas
locus of control
how people perceive the cause of life events
- high internal locus: control their own fate
- high external locus: event occurs because of chance
authoritarianism
the belief that power and status should exist within an org.
Machiavellianism
the acquisition of power and the manipulation of other people for purely personal gain
Myers-Briggs type indicator
measure’s a person’s preferences for introversion vs. extroversion; sensation vs. intuition; thinking vs. feeling; and judging vs. perceiving
What are the 4 components of emotional intelligence?
- self-awareness: accurately assess your own strengths and limitations & have a healthy level of self-confidence
- self-management: ability to control emotions and balance moods as to not interfere with productivity
- social awareness: ability to understand others and practice empathy
- relationship mgmt.: ability to connect to others
self-management
the ability to engage in self-regulating thoughts to accomplish all your tasks
What are the 5 steps for self-management?
- empty your head (clarity of mind)
- decide the next action (clarity of objectives)
- get organized
- perform a weekly review
- do it
What are the 2 types of stress?
- challenge stress: fires you up
2. threat stress: burns you out
Type A behavior
extreme competitiveness, impatience, aggressiveness and devotion to work
Type B behavior
demonstrate less Type A behavior and experience less conflict with other people and a more blanked, relaxed lifestyle
What are 2 causes of work stress?
- role ambiguity: unclear about what task behaviors are expected of them
- role conflict: incompatible demands from others
What are 4 things an individual can do to combat stress?
- prevention: seek and destroy key sources
- find meaning and support (buffering hypothesis)
- meditate and manage your energy
- find work-life balance
What are 4 things managers and organizations can do to alleviate stress among the workforce?
- create a psychologically healthy workplace (make people feel valued)
- provide wellness programs and training
- train managers in stress intervention
- make sure people get to have some fun at work
