ch. 14

Question 0

Anisocoria

Answer 0

Unequal pupil size

Question 1

Accommodation

Answer 1

Adaption of the eye for near vision by increasing te curvature of the lens

Question 2

Arcus senilis

Answer 2

Gray-white arc or circle around the limbus of the iris that is common with aging

Question 3

Argyll Robertson pupil

Answer 3

Pupil does not react to light; does constrict with accommodation

Question 4

Astigmatism

Answer 4

Refractive error of vision due to differences in curvature in refractive surfaces of the eye (cornea and lens)

Question 5

A-V crossing

Answer 5

Crossing paths of an artery and vein in the ocular fundus

Question 6

Bitemporal hemianopsia

Answer 6

Loss of both temporal visual fields

Question 7

Blepharitis

Answer 7

Inflammation of the glands and eyelash follicles along the margin of the eyelids

Question 8

Cataract

Answer 8

Opacity of the lens of the eye that develops slowly with aging and gradually obstructs vision

Question 9

Chalazion

Answer 9

Infection or retention cyst of a meibomian gland, showing as a beady nodule on the eyelid

Question 10

Conjunctivitis

Answer 10

Infection of the conjunctiva, “pinkeye”

Question 11

Cotton-wool area

Answer 11

Abnormal soft exudates visible as gray-white areas on the ocular fundus

Question 12

Cup-disc ratio

Answer 12

Ratio of the width of the physiologic cup to the width of the optic disc, normally half or less

Question 13

Diopter

Answer 13

Unit of strength of the lens settings on the opthalmoscope that changes focus on the eye structure

Question 14

Diplopia

Answer 14

Double Vision

Question 15

Drusen

Answer 15

Benign deposits on the ocular fundus that show as round yellow dots and occur commonly with aging

Question 16

Ectropion

Answer 16

Lower eyelid loose and rolling outward

Question 17

Entropion

Answer 17

Lower eyelid rolling inward

Question 18

Exophthalmos

Answer 18

Protruding eyeballs

Question 19

Fovea

Answer 19

Area of keenest vision at the center of the macula on the ocular fundus

Question 20

Glaucoma

Answer 20

A group of eye diseases characterized by increased intraocular pressure

Question 21

Hordeolum

Answer 21

Stye; red, painful pustule that is a localized infection of hair follicle at eyelid margin

Question 22

Lid lag

Answer 22

The abnormal white rim of sclera visible between the upper eyelid and the iris when a person moves the eyes downward

Question 23

Macula

Answer 23

Round, darker area of the ocular fundus that mediates vision only from the central visual field

Question 24

Microaneurysm

Answer 24

Abnormal finding of round red dots on the ocular fundus that are localized dilations of small vessels

Question 25

Miosis

Answer 25

Constricted pupils

Question 26

Mydriasis

Answer 26

Dilated pupils

Question 27

Myopia

Answer 27

"Nearsighted"; refractive error in which near vision is better than far vision

Question 28

Nystagmus

Answer 28

Involuntary, rapid, rhythmic movement of the eyeball

Question 29

OD

Answer 29

Ocular dexter, or right eye

Question 30

Optic atrophy

Answer 30

Pallor of the optic disc due to partial or complete death of optic nerve

Question 31

Optic disc

Answer 31

Area of ocular fundus in which blood vessels exit and enter

Question 32

OS

Answer 32

Oculus sinister, or left eye

Question 33

Papilledema

Answer 33

Stasis of blood flow out of the ocular fundus; sign of increased intracranial pressure

Question 34

Presbyopia

Answer 34

Decrease in power of accommodation that occurs with aging

Question 35

Pterygium

Answer 35

Triangular opaque tissue on the nasal side of the conjunctiva that grows toward the center of the cornea

Question 36

Ptosis

Answer 36

Drooping of upper eyelid over the iris and possibly covering pupil

Question 37

Red reflex

Answer 37

Red glow the appears to fill the person's pupil when first visualized through the ophthalmoscope

Question 38

Strabisus

Answer 38

Squint, crossed eye; disparity of eye axes

Question 39

Xanthelasma

Answer 39

Soft, raised yellow plaques occurring on the skin at the inner corners of the eyes