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Phlebotomy Class 2022 > Ch 13 - Preanalytic Variable and Venipuncture Complication > Flashcards

Ch 13 - Preanalytic Variable and Venipuncture Complication Flashcards

1
Q

____ _____ occur before analysis of specimen and the phlebotomist is the most responsible

A

preanalytic variables

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2
Q

____ _____ can affect test outcomes

A

preanalytical variables

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3
Q 
age
alcohol consumption
altitude 
dehydration
smoking
diurnal variation
stress
exercise
fasting
sex
medications and medical treatment
posture
pregnancy
obesity

What are all of these factors?

A

preanalytical variables

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4
Q

if a patient is ______, still communicate everything as you normally would

A

unconscious

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5
Q

occluded

A

blocked

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6
Q

sclerosed

A

hardened

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7
Q

veins that are occluded or sclerosed feel hard/cordlike and lack _____

A

resiliency

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8
Q

_____/_____ can be caused by inflammation, disease, chemotherapy, prolonged IV therapy, or repeated venipuncture

A

occluded/sclerosed

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9
Q

caused by needle going through the vein, failing to apply enough pressure after withdrawal, or by having the bevel opening only partially in the vein

A

hematoma

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10
Q

arm may appear swollen because of accumulation of tissue fluid with this condition

A

edematous tissue

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11
Q

the removal of lymph tissue on the side of the mastectomy causes ____

A

lymphostatis

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12
Q

lack of lymph fluid movement

A

lymphostasis

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13
Q

massage the arm gently from wrist to elbow
dangle arm downward to promote blood flow
apply heat
rotate wrist to increase prominence of cephalic vein
pump hand/make a fist

What are these useful for?

A

enhancing vein prominence

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14
Q

70% isopropyl alcohol, methanol, ethyl alcohol, or tincture of iodine cannot be used to clean the site for ___ ___ test

A

blood alcohol

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15
Q

povidone-iodine or benzalkonium chloride are used to clean the site in the ____ ____ test

A

blood alcohol

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16
Q

benzalkonium chloride cannot be used in children under the age of __

A

2

17
Q

medical term for fainting

A

syncope

18
Q

patient’s skin feels cold, damp, and clammy
beads of sweat may form
may state they aren’t feeling well or stop talking
eyes may start to roll back
head could tilt forward or backward

What are these symptoms of?

A

syncope

19
Q

medical term for nausea and vomiting

A

emesis

20
Q

too much pressure on a small/weak vein causes _____ vein

A

collapsed

21
Q

destruction of Red Blood Cells, which causes the release of hemoglobin and cellular contents into the plasma

A

hemolysis

22
Q

serum or plasma is ___ in a hemolyzed sample

A

pink/red

23
Q
  • blood frothing caused by needle improperly attached to a syringe
  • drawing blood too quickly into a syringe
  • excessively shaking blood
  • failing to allow the blood to run down the side of the tube when using a syringe to fill the tube
  • using too small of needle relative to vein size or vacuum tube size
  • mishandling and improper specimen transport
  • readjustment of the needle in the vein

What are these causes of?

A

hemolysis

24
Q

aspartate aminotransferase
potassium
lactate dehydrogenase

These chemistry and hematology tests are ____ affected by hemolysis

A

seriously

25
Q

alanine aminotransferase
CBC
serum iron
thyroxine

These chemistry and hematology tests are ____ affected by hemolysis

A

moderately

26
Q 
acid phosphate
magnesium
albumin
phosphorus
calcium
total protein

These chemistry and hematology tests are ____ affected by hemolysis

A

slightly

27
Q

flow of blood from collection tube back into patient’s vein

A

reflux of anticoagulant

28
Q 
albumin
bilirubin
calcium
cell counts
cholesterol
enzymes
hemoglobin or hematocrit
high-density lipoprotein
iron
lipids
protein
triglycerides

These are tests affected by:

A

patient position

29
Q

anemia caused by excessive removal of blood at the physician’s request

A

iatrogenic anemia

30
Q

pressure within the tissue prevents blood from flowing freely in the blood vessels

A

compartment syndrome

31
Q

iatrogenic anemia
compartment syndrome
infection
nerve damage

potential long-term complications associated with ____

A

venipuncture

32
Q

timed specimens are useful to monitor ___ ___

A

cardiac enzymes

33
Q

if an IV is in place and there are no accessible sites, where should the blood specimen be collected?

A

distal to the IV

34
Q

avoid the ____ vein to avoid nerve damage

A

basilic

35
Q

body’s state 8-12 hours of fasting

A

basal state

Phlebotomy Class 2022 (11 decks)

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