CH 13 - Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Flashcards
what happens in sexual reproduction?
2 parents give
What is genetics?
Scientific study of heredity and variation
What are the genes?
The units that are inherited and made up of DNA segments
What is heredity?
the transmissions of traits, from one generation to the next
Variation in heredity is demonstrated by?
Differences in appearance that the offsprings show
what are the names of reproductive cells?
Gametes
what is a haploid?
23, gamete/sex cells
what is a diploid?
stomatic cells
what is a zygote?
a fertilized egg, has a set of chromosomes from each parent
Define allele
alternative versions of a given gene in a homologous loci
Define homologous chromosomes
maternal and paternal copies of the chromosomes
define fertilization
the union of sex cells (gametes) when sperm fuses with eggs
What is oocytes?
ovarian cells that produce eggs
meiosis occurs in 2 steps of cell division. What are they?
Meiosis 1 and meiosis 2
1 - preceded by interphase, (interphase and meiosis 1) chromosomes are duplicated to form sister chromatids (during S phase)
2- sister chromatids are separated
cell division of meiosis results in 4 daughter cells, not 2. Each daughter has only half as many chromosomes as parent cells
What happens in Meiosis 1? (Reductional Division)
homologs pair up and separate. Resulting in 2 haploid daughter cells with replicated chromosomes.
( 2 daughter cells, 4 chromosomes in total)
