CH 13 ENDOCRINE SYSTEM WITH EXAMPLES FROM THE EXCRETORY SYSTEM Flashcards

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1
Q

Nervous system is predominantly

A

electrical in nature

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2
Q

ENDOCRINE structures communicate by secreting chemicals .

A

INTO THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

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3
Q

Because the endocrine system is a system wherein chemicals diffuse through the circulatory system

A

it is slower, but often long-lasting in effect.

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4
Q

Endocrine System is Chemical in the way that it signals, does not have its own transmission line, it uses the already existing transport system of the Body

A

Circulatory system (reaches every single tissue of the body)

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5
Q

the more complex and have a specific Target are?

A

Messengers

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6
Q

Chemical Messengers –

A

Regulatory Molecules

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7
Q

The messenger molecules are called

A

HORMONES.

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8
Q

what is going to cause the signal to be received

A

Once they reach the Target Cell, the chemical is going to bind to a receptor on the Target Cell

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9
Q

The Glands / Tissues that produce the Chemical Agents / chemical regulatory molecules are called

A

endocrine glands/organs

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10
Q

rate at which cellular processes are happening

A

metabolism

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11
Q

Why do Hormones come in contact with all tissues of the Body?

A

Because they are travelling in the Circulatory System

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12
Q

If a Target Cell has a receptor then it is going to respond to the Hormone
But if a cell / organ / tissue lacks the receptor then

A

then it is not going to respond so it is not going to be effected

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13
Q

Hormones are produced and secreted by endocrine cells in_____?

A

tRACE AMOUNTS

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14
Q

Hormones circulate in the blood (in the circulatory system) to reach

A

all the tissues

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15
Q

hormones react only with ____ present in certain target cells/tissues

A

specific receptor molecules

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16
Q

Hormones can have ___, frequently activating enzymes.

A

CATALYTIC QUALITIES

17
Q

A single hormone may have multiple effects on a ____ or_____?

A

single target tissue, OR on several different target tissues.

18
Q

Changing Metabolism of the Cell / changing something in the cellular processes

A

metabolic effect

19
Q

generally MOVEMENTS OF SOME KIND. (e.g. pigment migration, muscle contraction, glandular secretion

A

kinetic effect

20
Q

have to do with GROWTH and DIFFERENTIATION of the cells by changing the metabolism of it.

A

morphogentic effect

21
Q

REGULATION OF HORMONE SECRETION

Generally modulated ______?

A

by NEGATIVE FEEDBACK effect / loop

22
Q

Negative Feedback Loop - Release a particular Hormone in order to ____ as soon as your body exhibits the ___ then that is going to turn off the release of the Hormone so it is going to Negatively Feedback, send back the signal that stops the release of the hormone
& That is how you control the Hormone

A

cause a desired effect

23
Q

Decrease in blood pressure causes decrease in amount of

A

extracelluar fluid

24
Q

Extracellular fluid is the fluid that is in the

A

interstitial

25
Q

A change in fluid pressure in the extracellular region is sensed by the

A

JUXTAGLOMERULAR CELLS.

26
Q

Decrease in extracellular pressure and blood pressure near distal convoluted tubule causes juxtaglomerular cells to release _____?

A

hormone RENIN

27
Q

RENIN in blood stream converts the liver enzyme ANGIOTENSINOGEN into?

A

ANGIOTENSIN I

28
Q

ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME (in the lung capillaries) converts Angiotensin I into ?

A

ANGIOTENSIN II.

29
Q

Angiotensin II causes ADRENAL GLAND to secrete/release

A

ALDOSTERONE

30
Q

ALDOSTERONE stimulates

A

stimulates ADH secretion; stimulates thirst; constricts arterioles

31
Q

High concentrations of ADH also cause

A

vasoconstriction

32
Q

Angiotensin II starts circulating throughout your system

Makes its way to the?

A

Adrenal Glands

33
Q

Aldosterone stimulates the___?

A

RETENTION OF SODIUM IONS