Ch 13

Question 1

Appeals to personal certainty

Answer 1

The attempt to prove a claim by appealing to the fact that you’re certain of it.

Question 2

Straw man, “nutpicking”

Answer 2

Taking an extreme member of an opposition group and treating them as representative of the group as a whole

Question 3

Straw man, radicalizing the opposition

Answer 3

Transforming a modest, qualified proposition from an opposing group into an unqualified radical proposition so it can be more easily attacked or refuted.

Question 4

Motivism

Answer 4

Dismissing an argument not because the argument is bad but because you think the arguer’s motives are bad.

Question 5

Negative partisanship

Answer 5

When beliefs are formed primarily because of hate for others.

Question 6

Whataboutism

Answer 6

The opposition of an accusation by arguing that an opponent is guilty of an equally bad or worse offense.

Question 7

3 ways to know the truth of the moral premises

Answer 7

1. Other moral Principles
2. Moral Thories
3. Considered moral judgments

Question 8

Define 1. Other moral Principles

Answer 8

General principles of morality that is accepted by all parties
and doesnt need any further support to prove its validity

Question 9

Define 2. Moral Thories

Answer 9

THis theory os focuesed on providing a general explanation that states the right action or motive

Question 10

Define 3. Considered moral judgments

Answer 10

Not having one’s emotions impact your evaluation of moral theories.

Careful (no bais) and dispassionately(no emotional reaction) evaluated