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A&P > Ch. 13/14 - PNS, Reflexes, and ANS > Flashcards

Ch. 13/14 - PNS, Reflexes, and ANS Flashcards

1
Q

The large onion-shaped receptors that are found deep in the dermis and in subcutaneous tissue and that respond to deep pressure are (a) tactile discs, (b) lamellar corpuscles, (c) free nerve endings, (d) muscle spindles.

A

B

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2
Q

Potentially damaging stimuli that result in pain are selectively detected by (a) interoceptors, (b) photoreceptors, (c) nociceptors, (d) proprioceptors.

A

C

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3
Q

The aspect of sensory perception by which the cerebral cortex identifies the site or pattern of stimulation is (a) perceptual detection, (b) feature abstraction, (c) pattern recognition,
(d) spatial discrimination.

A

D

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4
Q

The neural machinery of the spinal cord is at the (a) precommand level, (b) projection level, (c) segmental level.

A

C

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5
Q

Dorsal root ganglia contain (a) cell bodies of somatic motor neurons, (b) axon terminals of somatic motor neurons, (c) cell bodies of autonomic motor neurons, (d) axon terminals of sensory neurons, (e) cell bodies of sensory neurons.

A

E

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6
Q

The cranial nerves that have neural connections with the tongue include all except the (a) trigeminal, (b) facial, (c) glossopharyngeal, (d) trochlear.

A

D

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7
Q

pain, itch, and temperature receptors

(a) bulbous corpuscles
(b) tendon organ
(c) muscle spindle (d) free nerve endings (e) lamellar corpuscle (f) tactile corpuscle

A

D

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8
Q

contains intramural fibers and anulospiral and flower spray endings

(a) bulbous corpuscles
(b) tendon organ
(c) muscle spindle (d) free nerve endings (e) lamellar corpuscle (f) tactile corpuscle

A

C

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9
Q

discriminative touch receptor in hairless skin (fingertips)

(a) bulbous corpuscles
(b) tendon organ
(c) muscle spindle (d) free nerve endings (e) lamellar corpuscle (f) tactile corpuscle

A

F

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10
Q

contains receptor endings wrapped around thick collagen bundles

(a) bulbous corpuscles
(b) tendon organ
(c) muscle spindle (d) free nerve endings (e) lamellar corpuscle (f) tactile corpuscle

A

B

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11
Q

rapidly adapting deep-pressure receptor

(a) bulbous corpuscles
(b) tendon organ
(c) muscle spindle (d) free nerve endings (e) lamellar corpuscle (f) tactile corpuscle

A

E

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12
Q

slowly adapting deep-pressure receptor

(a) bulbous corpuscles
(b) tendon organ
(c) muscle spindle (d) free nerve endings (e) lamellar corpuscle (f) tactile corpuscle

A

A

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13
Q

Which cranial nerve causes pupillary constriction?

(f) oculomotor
(g) olfactory
(h) optic
(i) trigeminal

A

F

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14
Q

Which cranial nerve is the major sensory nerve of the face?

(f) facial
(g) olfactory
(h) optic
(i) trigeminal

A

I

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15
Q

Which cranial nerve serves the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles

(a) abducens
(b) accessory
(c) facial
(d) glossopharyngea

A

B

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16
Q

Which 2 cranial nerve are pure sensory?

(d) glossopharyngeal
(e) hypoglossal
(f) oculomotor
(g) olfactory
(h) optic
(i) trigeminal

A

G, H

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17
Q

which cranial nerve serves the tongue muscles?

(d) glossopharyngeal
(e) hypoglossal
(f) oculomotor
(g) olfactory
(h) optic
(i) trigeminal

A

E

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18
Q

which cranial nerve allows you to chew your food

(d) glossopharyngeal
(e) hypoglossal
(f) oculomotor
(g) olfactory
(h) optic
(i) trigeminal

A

I

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19
Q

which cranial nerve is impaired in Bell’s palsy?

(a) abducens
(b) accessory
(c) facial
(d) glossopharyngeal

A

C

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20
Q

which cranial nerve helps regulate heart activity?

(i) trigeminal
(j) trochlear
(k) vagus
(l) vestibulocochlear

A

K

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21
Q

which cranial nerve helps you hear and maintain your balance?

(i) trigeminal
(j) trochlear
(k) vagus
(l) vestibulocochlear

A

L

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22
Q

Which four nerves contain parasympathetic motor fibers?

(c) facial
(d) glossopharyngeal (e) hypoglossal
(f) oculomotor
(g) olfactory
(h) optic
(i) trigeminal
(j) trochlear
(k) vagus

A

C, D, F, K

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23
Q

True or False

Somatic and visceral reflex arcs are similar, but visceral reflex arcs lack weren’t fibers (visceral sensory neurons)

A

F

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24
Q

The rami communicantes are associated only with the sympathetic division of the ANS

True or False

A

T

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25
The gray rami communicantes consist of myelinated postganglionic fibers True or False
F
26
The sympathetic division innervates more organs than the parasympathetic division of the ANS True or False
True
27
The ANS may cause activation or inhibition, depending on the division that is active and the target that is affected True or False
T
28
The celiac ganglion is primarily associated with the sympathetic division True or False
T
29
All visceral organs receive dual innervation from both the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the ANS True or False
F
30
Thermoregulatory responses to increased heat are mediated by the sympathetic nervous system True or False
T
31
Most disorders of the ANS reflect abnormalities of smooth muscle control True or False
T
32
The effect of beta-blocker drugs is to decrease blood pressure True or False
True
33
The adrenal medulla is considered by some to be a "misplaced" sympathetic ganglion since embryologically, they arise from the same tissue True or False
T
34
ACh is released by all somatic motor neurons, all preganglionic neurons of the ANS and by the postganglionic parasympatheticnerve fibers True or False
T
35
The sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions have the same effect on most body organ systems True or False
False
36
Some sympathetic preganglionic fibers stimulate the adrenal medulla to release norepinephrine and epinephrine into the blood, producing a "surge of adrenaline" True or False
T
37
The facial (VII), glossophylangeal (IX), and vagus (X) nerves contain postganglionic fibers of the parasympathetic nervous systems True or False
F
38
The ANS stimulates smooth muscles, skeletal muscles and glands, whereas the somatic nervous system innervates skeletal muscles only True or False
F
39
Norepinephrine-releasing fibers are called cholinergic fibers True or False
False
40
Autonomic ganglia are sights of synapse and information transmission from preganglionic to postganglionic neurons True or False
T
41
Most blood vessels are innervated by the sympathetic division alone True or False
T
42
The blood vessels of the skin are one of the few areas of the body where the vessels are innervated by both the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions True or False
F
43
The effect of the parasympathetic division on the penis is vasodilation causing erection, while ejaculation is due to sympathetic stimulation True or False
T
44
All splanchnic nerves are sympathetic True or False
F
45
Most splanchic nerves pass through the abdominal aortic plexus True or False
T
46
The vasomotor tone of blood vessels is mostly under sympathetic control True or False
T
47
Because many of the same cardiac cells are innervated by both parasympathetic and sympathetic fibers, the influence of the two divisions on the heart is synergistic, meaning contraction is strongest when both divisions act together True or False
F
48
B-adrenergic receptors are the only receptors found on the heart True or False
F
49
Visceral reflexes include the reflexes that empty the badder and the rectum T or F
T
50
Cranial nerves III, VII, and IX supply the entire parasympathetic innervation of the head; however, only the preganglionic fibers lie within these three pairs of cranial nerves True or False
T
51
The sacral part of the parasympathetic division serves the pelvic organs and the distal half of the large intestine True or False
T
52
Rami communicants are designated white or gray to indicate whether or not the fibers passing through them are myelinated True or False
T
53
The autonomic and somatic nervous systems are two separate systems that work totally independent of each other and lack any functional overlap True or False
False
54
Albuterol binds to B2 receptors and is used by asthma patients to dilate the bronchioles of the lungs and ease breathing True or False
T
55
The secretions of the adrenal medulla act to supplement the effects of (a) parasympathetic innervations, (b) sympathetic stimulation, (c) vagus nerve activity, (d) neurosecretory substances.
B
56
Short preganglionic, long postganglionic fibers Sympathetic or Parasympathetic
S
57
intramural ganglia Sympathetic or Parasympathetic
P
58
craniosacral part Sympathetic or Parasympathetic
P
59
adrenergic fibers Sympathetic or Parasympathetic
S
60
cervical ganglia Sympathetic or Parasympathetic
S
61
otic and ciliary ganglia Sympathetic or Parasympathetic
P
62
generally short-duration action Sympathetic or Parasympathetic
P
63
increases heart rate and blood pressure Sympathetic or Parasympathetic
S
64
increases gastric motility and secretion of lacrimal, salivary, and digestive juices Sympathetic or Parasympathetic
P
65
innervates blood vessels Sympathetic or Parasympathetic
S
66
most active when you are relying in a hammock Sympathetic or Parasympathetic
P
67
active when you are running a marathon Sympathetic or Parasympathetic
S
68
The white rami communicantes contain what kind of fibers? (a) preganglionic parasympathetic, (b) postganglionic parasympathetic, (c) preganglionic sympathetic, (d) postganglionic sympathetic.
C
69
``` The route of major parasympathetic outflow from the head is via the (a) sympathetic trunk, (b) phrenic nerve, (c) vagus nerve, (d) sacral nerve. ```
C

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