Ch. 12 - Psychological Disorders

Question 1

Three ways for identifying abnormal behavior

Answer 1

Society
The individual
The mental health professional

Question 2

Biological Model

Answer 2

View that psychological disorders have a biochemical or psychological basis

Question 3

Psychoanalytic Model

Answer 3

View that psychological disorders result from unconscious internal conflicts

Question 4

Cognitive-Behavioral Model

Answer 4

View that psychological disorders result from learning maladaptive ways of thinking and behaving

Question 5

Diathesis-Stress Model

Answer 5

View that people biologically predisposed to a mental disorder will tend to exhibit that disorder when particularly affected by stress

Question 6

Diathesis

Answer 6

Biological predisposition

Question 7

Systems Approach

Answer 7

View that biological, psychological, and social risk factors combine to produce psychological disorders. Also known as the biopsychosocial model of psychological disorders

Question 8

Prevalence

Answer 8

The frequency with which a given disorder occurs at a given time

Question 9

Incidence

Answer 9

The number of new cases that arise in a given period

Question 10

Insanity

Answer 10

Legal term applied to defendants who do not know right from wrong or are unable to control their behavior

Question 11

DSM-5

Answer 11

Issued by the APA (American Psychiatric Association)

Provides a complete list of mental disorders (classification)

Question 12

Biopsychosocial Model

Answer 12

Views emotional problems as “lifestyle diseases” that result from a combination of risk factors and stress

Question 13

Mood Disorders

Answer 13

Disturbances in mood or prolonged emotional state

Question 14

Depressive Disorders

Answer 14

Mood disorders often characterized by overwhelming feelings of sadness, lack of interest in activities, and perhaps excessive guilt or feelings of worthlessness

Question 15

Major Depressive Disorder

Answer 15

A depressive disorder characterized by an episode of intense sadness, depressed mood, or marked loss of interest or pleasure in nearly all activities

Question 16

Persistent Depressive Disorder

Answer 16

A depressive disorder where the symptoms are generally less severe than for major depressive disorder, but are present most days and persist for at least 2 years

Question 17

Manic Episodes

Answer 17

Characterized by euphoric states, extreme physical activity, excessive talkativeness, distractedness, and sometimes grandiosity

Question 18

Bipolar Disorder

Answer 18

A mood disorder in which periods of mania and depression may alternate, sometimes with periods of normal mood intervening

Question 19

Cognitive Distortions

Answer 19

Illogical and maladaptive responses to early negative life events that lead to feelings of incompetence and unworthiness that are deactivated whenever a new situation arises that resembles the original events

Question 20

Psychosomatic Illness

Answer 20

A real physical illness that is largely caused by psychological factors such as stress and anxiety

Question 21

Somatic Symptom Disorder

Answer 21

Recurrent vague somatic complaints (pain, dizziness) without a physical cause

Question 22

Conversion Disorders

Answer 22

Disorders in which a dramatic specific disability has no physical cause but instead seems related to psychological problems

Question 23

Illness Anxiety Disorder

Answer 23

A person interprets insignificant symptoms as signs of serious illness in the absence of any organic evidence of such illness

Question 24

Dissociative Fugue

Answer 24

A symptom of dissociative amnesia that involves flight from home and the assumption of a new identity with amnesia for past identity and events