Ch. 10 - Personality Flashcards
Personality
An individual’s unique pattern of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that persists over time and across situations
Psychodynamic Theories
See behavior as the product of internal psychological forces that often operate outside our conscious awareness
Id
Pleasure principle
Ego
Reality principle
Superego
Moral guardian
Oral Stage
(Birth to 18 months)
Primary source of pleasure is mouth
Anal Stage
Primary source of pleasure is anus/elimination
Phallic Stage
Primary source of pleasure is genitals
Latency Period
Child has no interest in other sex
Genital Stage
Sexual impulses reawaken
Theory of Personality
(Jung)
Personal unconscious v. Collective conscious
Humanistic Personality Theory
Asserts the fundamental goodness of people and their striving towards higher levels of functioning
Actualizing Tendency
(Rogers)
Drive to fulfill biological potential
Self-Actualizing Tendency
(Rogers)
Drive to fulfill self-concepts
Fully Functioning Person
(Rogers)
An individual whose self-concept closely resembles his or her inborn capacities
Unconditional Positive Regard
(Rogers)
Full acceptance and love of another person regardless of his or her behavior
Conditional Positive Regard
(Rogers)
Acceptance and love dependent on another’s behaving in certain ways and fulfilling certain conditions
Big Five
Openness Conscientiousness Extraversion Agreeableness Neuroticism
Trait Theorists
Are most interested in identifying the degree to which people possess certain personality traits
Cognitive-Social Learning Theories
View behavior as the product of the interaction of cognitions, learning and past experiences, and the immediate environment
Expectancies
(Bandura)
What a person anticipates in a situation or as a result of behaving in certain ways
Performance Standards
(Bandura)
Standards people develop to rate the adequacy of their own behavior in a variety of situations
Self-Efficacy
(Bandura)
The expectancy that one’s efforts will be successful
Locus of Control
(Rotter)
An expectancy about whether reinforcement is under internal or external control
