Ch. 10 - Personality

Question 1

Personality

Answer 1

An individual’s unique pattern of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that persists over time and across situations

Question 2

Psychodynamic Theories

Answer 2

See behavior as the product of internal psychological forces that often operate outside our conscious awareness

Question 3

Id

Answer 3

Pleasure principle

Question 4

Ego

Answer 4

Reality principle

Question 5

Superego

Answer 5

Moral guardian

Question 6

Oral Stage

Answer 6

(Birth to 18 months)

Primary source of pleasure is mouth

Question 7

Anal Stage

Answer 7

Primary source of pleasure is anus/elimination

Question 8

Phallic Stage

Answer 8

Primary source of pleasure is genitals

Question 9

Latency Period

Answer 9

Child has no interest in other sex

Question 10

Genital Stage

Answer 10

Sexual impulses reawaken

Question 11

Theory of Personality

Answer 11

(Jung)

Personal unconscious v. Collective conscious

Question 12

Humanistic Personality Theory

Answer 12

Asserts the fundamental goodness of people and their striving towards higher levels of functioning

Question 13

Actualizing Tendency

Answer 13

(Rogers)

Drive to fulfill biological potential

Question 14

Self-Actualizing Tendency

Answer 14

(Rogers)

Drive to fulfill self-concepts

Question 15

Fully Functioning Person

Answer 15

(Rogers)

An individual whose self-concept closely resembles his or her inborn capacities

Question 16

Unconditional Positive Regard

Answer 16

(Rogers)

Full acceptance and love of another person regardless of his or her behavior

Question 17

Conditional Positive Regard

Answer 17

(Rogers)

Acceptance and love dependent on another’s behaving in certain ways and fulfilling certain conditions

Question 18

Big Five

Answer 18

Openness
Conscientiousness
Extraversion
Agreeableness
Neuroticism

Question 19

Trait Theorists

Answer 19

Are most interested in identifying the degree to which people possess certain personality traits

Question 20

Cognitive-Social Learning Theories

Answer 20

View behavior as the product of the interaction of cognitions, learning and past experiences, and the immediate environment

Question 21

Expectancies

Answer 21

(Bandura)

What a person anticipates in a situation or as a result of behaving in certain ways

Question 22

Performance Standards

Answer 22

(Bandura)

Standards people develop to rate the adequacy of their own behavior in a variety of situations

Question 23

Self-Efficacy

Answer 23

(Bandura)

The expectancy that one’s efforts will be successful

Question 24

Locus of Control

Answer 24

(Rotter)

An expectancy about whether reinforcement is under internal or external control

Question 25

Internal Locus

Answer 25

This person is convinced they can control their own fate

Question 26

External Locus

Answer 26

This person does not believe they can control their own fate

Question 27

Cognitive-Social Learning Theorists

Answer 27

Believe that behavior changes from one situation to the next based on social influences

Question 28

MMPR

Answer 28

The most widely used and thoroughly researched objective personality test

Question 29

Psychodynamic Theorists use

Answer 29

Projective tests

Question 30

NEO-PI-R

Answer 30

An objective test designed to assess the Big Five personality traits

Question 31

Humanistic Theorists use

Answer 31

Objective tests

Question 32

Trait Theorists use

Answer 32

Objective tests

Question 33

Social Learning Theorists use

Answer 33

Interviews