Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Psychology 101 > Ch 12 Personality > Flashcards

Ch 12 Personality Flashcards

0
Q

What does personality account for?

A

Individual differences or individual consistencies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

What percentage of our traits are genetic?

A

50

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 4 things that Hippocrates believed reflect personality?

A

Black bile, yellow bile, blood, and phlegm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What did Hippocrates believe an abundance of black bile meant in terms of personality?

A

The person will be moody and dark

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What did Hippocrates believe an abundance of yellow bile meant in terms of personality?

A

The person will be irritable and tough to get along with

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What did Hippocrates believe an abundance of blood meant in terms of personality?

A

The person will be robust and Santa clause type

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What did Hippocrates believe an abundance of phlegm meant in terms of personality?

A

The person will be difficult to arouse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is personality?

A

A persons unique set of consistent behavioural traits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How many personality traits are necessary to describe personality adequately?

A

5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the big five when it comes to personality?

A

Extraversion, openness to experience, neuroticism, agreeableness, and conscientiousness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

If someone scores high in neuroticism tend to be… Give 3 examples

A

Anxious, self-conscious, and insecure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

If someone scored high on the extra version scale they would be… Give 3 examples

A

Outgoing, friendly, and assertive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

If someone scored high on being open to experience on the personality scale, they would be… Give 3 examples

A

Curious, flexible, and artistic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

If someone scored high on agreeableness on a personality test, they would be… Give 3 examples

A

Sympathetic, trusting, and modest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

If someone scored high on being conscientious on a personality test, they would be… Give 3 examples

A

Punctual, organized, and dependable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

According to Freud, how do we get to the psyche?

A

Free association, slips of the tongue, and dream analysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the 12 ego defence mechanisms?

A

Denial of reality, creating fantasy, compensation, identification, introjection, projection, rationalization, repression, reaction formation, displacement, regression, and sublimation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

When speaking of ego defence mechanisms, what does denial of reality mean?

A

People who don’t want to talk about things they’re uncomfortable with

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

When speaking of ego defence mechanisms, what does compensation mean?

A

If I can’t do well in one area, I’ll do another and il do even better

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

When speaking of ego defence mechanisms, what does identification mean?

A

Identifying with people that are more powerful

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

When speaking of ego defence mechanisms, what does introjection mean?

A

Take values from a more formal society of person. If you can’t beat them, join them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

When speaking of ego defence mechanisms, what does projection mean?

A

Projecting your values onto someone else or transferring blame

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

When speaking of ego defence mechanisms, what does rationalization mean?

A

Giving excuses for bad behaviour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

When speaking of ego defence mechanisms, what does repression mean?

A

Repressing experiences that may disturb us eg ‘not remembering’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
When speaking of ego defence mechanisms, what does reaction formation mean?
Adopting attitudes that are opposite of what you normally would be like
25
When speaking of ego defence mechanisms, what does displacement mean?
Taking your anger out on someone
26
When speaking of ego defence mechanisms, what does regression mean?
When you're angry or stressed, returning to a time when you were more secure
27
When speaking of ego defence mechanisms, what does sublimation mean?
Converting sexual impulses somewhere else like school
28
Explain Thanatos and Eros
Thanatos likes control and decay | Eros likes life and loves growth
29
Who believed that life is a constant battle of life and death?
Freud
30
Who believed that the Jewish people didn't react because they were overwhelmed with Thanatos?
Bruno Bettelheim
31
What are the 5 stages of phychosexual development?
Oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital
32
Who believed there were three types of traits that people have?
All port
33
According to Allport, what are the three types of traits people have?
Cardinal, central, and secondary
34
What is a cardinal trait according to Allport?
Everything that you do can be reduced to this one trait
35
What is a central trait according to Allport?
Some things like being funny or empathetic..traits people may think of when they think of you
36
What is a secondary trait according to Allport?
A trait that has no significant aspects that reflect who you are
37
What are the three characteristics of Allports idea of the 'mature personality?"
Capable of empathy, has a sense of humour, and perspective
38
What are the three "super factors" of personality according to Eynsench?
Extraversion, neuroticism, and psychoticism
39
What is an ambinvert?
You aren't on either end of a polar trait, you have a little bit of everything in you!
40
What personality trait "suffers' from low cortical arousal?
An extrovert
41
According to Susanne Kobassa, what are the three aspects of hardiness?
Commitment, control, and challenge
42
What does Skinner believe in when it comes to personality?
Rewards=personality | If you're a whiny baby and you get rewarded for it, you'll be a whiny person
43
The social cognitive approach is important to Albert Bandura. He believes in reciprocal determinism. What is reciprocal determinism?
We are creators and products of our environment.
44
What is an internal locus of control?
When you believe that you are in control of your environment, and things happen because of your own doing ie, good grades
45
What is an external locus of control?
You feel the environment is in control
46
Two people are writing a test. Both of the, do well. What would a person with an internal locus of control be likely to say about their performance? What would a person with and external locus of control be likely to say about their performance?
Internal: I studied hard for that test that's why I did well External: I must have been lucky
47
What is self efficacy?
Through your efforts, you produce your results
48
What are the 4 key factors in the humanistic theory of personality?
Holistic, dispositional, phenomenological, and existential
49
What des dispositional mean when referring to one of the key factors of the humanistic theory of personality?
We are disposed to be empathic, and to growth
50
What does phenomenological mean when referring to one of the key factors of the humanistic theory of personality?
The world is subjective. What you find stressful, may not be stressful to someone else
51
What does existential mean when referring to one of the key factors of the humanistic theory of personality?
You are free to choose
52
What does OCEAN stand for?
Openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism
53
What are the two types of tools used for measuring personality?
Self report inventory and projection techniques
54
What are self projection techniques and how are they used?
They are techniques that allow people to project their ideas onto something ambiguous, like a picture, what do you see in this picture? They are used to measure personality
55
Give an example of a self report technique for assessing personality
Ocean or MMPI
56
Who believed we live in a hyper reality?
Jean Boudrillard
57
What did Jean Boudrillard believe?
We live in a hyper reality
58
Explain the post modern theory of personality
There's nothing behind social masks, what you see is what people are
59
When it comes to the humanistic theory of personality, Maslow believed in what?
That people are pre-disposed to become self-actualizing.
60
What are the 4 steps in Maslow's theory of personality?
1. Tissue or biological needs 2. Safety needs 3. Belonging/love 4. Self esteem Then comes self-actualization
61
What did Carl Rogers believe in when it came to personality?
That people are primed for growth and fulfillment
62
What are the 3 things that Carl Rogers believed that growth depends on?
1. Genuineness 2. Acceptance 3. Empathy
63
Identify 3 criticisms of the humanistic theory of personality
1. Failed to see reality of evil 2. Needs to look at genetic factors 3. Needs to be more empirical
64
What are the 5 factors of personality? (OCEAN)
``` openness to experiences conscientiousness extraversion agreeableness neuroticism ```
65
Who created the big-5 or OCEAN?
McCrae and Costa
66
what is the reality principle?
what the ego is guided by, delaying gratification of the IDs urges until situations can be found
67
what does the conscious consist of to Freud?
whatever one is aware of at a particular point in time
68
What does the preconscious consist of when referring to Freuds idea of levels of awareness?
material just beneath the surface of awareness
69
What was Jung's theory called?
analytical psychology
70
what was adler known for?
Individual psychology, striving for superiority
71
What was Carl Jung's collective unconsciousness?
a storehouse of latent memory traces inherted from peoples ancestral past
72
What are archetypes (Jung)
emotionally harged images that have universal meanings
73
Who provided the first description of introversion and extraversion?
Jung
74
What does Buss think about the big 5 and what does Nettle think?
Buss-- big 5 may have contributed to reproductive fitness Nettle-- big 5 are products of evolution that were adaptive in ancestral times

Psychology 101 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions