ch 10 test history Flashcards
4 factors that led to the revival of trade in europe
trade routes
town growth
market growth
renewal of money/banking
3 factors that encouraged revival of learning in europe
- improving political/economic conditions
- contact w/ byz and arabs
- need for education (growing towns)
_____ ________ gave out letters of credit which could be exchanged for cash
money changers
letters of credit made traveling _____ ___________
less dangerous
the word bank came from the word ______ which means bench
banca
how could a serf become a freeman
run away and live in a town for one year
free status, town justice, and exemption from manoral obligations are examples of
freedoms shared by townspeople
a _________ is a document outlining privileges granted to a town by the ________ ______or _____
charter; feudal lord; king
a guild regulates
business in towns
what are the two different kinds of guilds
merchant and craft
process from apprentice to master
apprentice to journeyman to master
hanseatic league is the most successful
guild
the Hanseatic league formed larger
organizations than towns did
there were __ German cities in NW europe
70
what is the German word for guild
hans
what was the new social class that arose in towns
middle class (aka men of the town)
middle class jobs included merchants, bankers, _________ and _____ __________
craftsmen; skilled laborers
the middle class did what to society
weakened it
how did universitas come to be
students traveled to Europe to find the best instructor for their subject, formed educational guild
said the first key to wisdom is asking questioms
peter abelard
known as the prince of schoolmen
thomas aquinas
theology comes _____ and the philosophy comes _________
first; second
_______ _________studied optics, physics and geography
roger bacon
vernacular
the use of common language (in literature)
chaucer wrote
the canterbury tales
______ was the common language in medieval times
latin
__________ is an architectural style that was heavy, full, roman-like
romanesque
________ is an architectural style that used flying buttresses and delicate, detailed work
gothic
pope innocent III had the greatest power over ________ and _____
church and state
the ________ __________ ______ matured into a large, wealthy, profitable organization
roman catholic church
___________ saw himself as the sun and the kings as his moons
pope innocent III
what are the three papal weapons
excommunication
interdict (suspension of public church services)
inquisition (special church court)
_________ called for the crusades
pope urban II
the _________ and _________ fought in the crusades
seljik Turks and european christians
why were the crusades fought
to take the holy land back from the turks
3 effects of the crusades on europe
- weakened feudal structure
- expanded commercial activity
- strengthened papacy
where were the two popes during babylonian captivity
rome and france
what was the great schism
French and Italian pope claimed to be rightful, excommunicated each other
________ __ _________ was when Martin v became pope in rome
council of constance
________ rose while _________ sunk
monarchy; feudalism
what is an indictment
accusations of what crimes have been committed
magna Carta is latin for
great charter
the magna Carta limited the power of the
king
laws for all regardless of class or social structure
common law
Richard I was known as the
lionhearted
who developed parliment
Edward I
parliament means
to speak/discuss
Louis IX was the
ideal medieval king
Louis IX led two _____________ against __________ _ _________
crusades against muslims in africa
the ___________ _____ were the church, nobility and townspeople
estates-general
the power of the _______ monarchy grew without restraints (absolute monarchy)
french
what two nations fought in the hundred years war
England and france-power struggle for king
Edward III was an English king who claimed what
to be the rightful heir of the french throne
Joan of arc was burned at the stake because
she was a peasant who heard voices telling her to drive the English out of france
the war of roses
conflicts between York (white) and Lancaster (red)
consequence of the hundred years war
reconquista means
reconquer
Ferdinand is from ________ and isabella is from ______
argon; castile
who are the moors and what is the reconquista of spain
muslims that came from africa; reconquering/taking back spain
trivium was a type of education in medieval times that included
grammar, rhetoric, logic
quadrivium was a type of education in medieval times that included
arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, music
Henry II (great grandson of William the conqueror) strengthened what in england
royal authority
the root of scholasticism is found in
bible study
nobles of germany created a written constitution called the
golden bull
what two nations fought in the hundred years war
france and england
started the hundred years war
edward iii
known as “the fair”
philip iv
realized faith in gods revelation is essential to proper understanding
anslem
