Ch 10: central visual system

Question 1

visual pathway

Answer 1

optic nerve → optic chiasm → optic tract → LGN → optic radiation → primary visual cortex

Question 2

contralateral projection

Answer 2

optic nerve axons project to the opposite side of the brain

Question 3

ipisilateral projection

Answer 3

axons from the temporal retina project to the same side

Question 4

stereopsis

Answer 4

depth perception

Question 5

suprachiasmatic nucleus

Answer 5

regulation of circadian rhythm

Question 6

pretectum

Answer 6

regulation of pupil size

Question 7

LGN

Answer 7

6 principal layers, 6 koniocellular layers

Question 8

magnocellular LGN layers

Answer 8

• layers 1-2
• contain M-cells

Question 9

parvocellular LGN layers

Answer 9

• layers 3-6
• contain P-type cells

Question 10

koniocellular layers

Answer 10

• k1-k6
• receive axons of nonM-nonP ganglion cells

Question 11

cerebral cortex neuron types

Answer 11

pyramidal and local interneurons

Question 12

pyramidal neurons

Answer 12

• 70-80%
• send axons long distances
• glutamatergic and excitatory

Question 13

local interneurons

Answer 13

• 20-30%
• axons remain in same areas as cell bodies
• GABAergic and inhibitory

Question 14

central nervous system targets of optic (II) nerve

Answer 14

• lateral geniculate nucleus
• superior colliculus
• suprachiasmatic nucleus
• pretectum

Question 15

in the human visual projection, axons of M-type ganglion cells in the nasal retina project to a ______ layer(s) of the ________ lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN).

Answer 15

magnoceullular (layer 1); contralateral

Question 16

T or F: retinotopy distorts images

Answer 16

true

Question 17

ocular dominance columns

Answer 17

• stripes of neurons in the visual cortex that respond preferentially to input from one eye or the other

Question 18

neurons in layer IVC receive input from ___________

Answer 18

only one eye (monocular)