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Plant Biology > Ch 10 > Flashcards

Ch 10 Flashcards

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1
Q

Photophosphorylation

A

the formation of ATP from ADP and phosphate by means of light energy; a part of photosynthesis; animals, fungi and nonchlorophyllus pigments cannot perform

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2
Q

Substrate level phosphorylation

A

the formation of ATP and ADP by having a phosphate group transferred to it from a substrate molecule; what animals and fungi do instead of photophosphorylation

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3
Q

Oxidative phosphorylation

A

the formation of ATP from ADP and phosphate, powered by energy released through respiration

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4
Q

Oxidize

A

to raise the oxidation state of a molecule by removing an electron from it; an atom that does not carry as many electrons as it could

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5
Q

Reduce

A

to lower the oxidation state of a molecule by adding an electron to it; when electrons are added to an atom

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6
Q

Oxidizing agent

A

an electron carrier that is not carrying electrons

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7
Q

Reducing Agent

A

an electron carrier that is carrying electrons

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8
Q

Redox potential

A

the tendency of a molecule to accept or donate electrons during a chemical reaction

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9
Q

Electron carrier NADP+

A

take electrons away from other molecules so it is an oxidizing agent

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10
Q

Electromagnetic spectrum

A

includes gamma rays, x-rays, UV light, infrared light, mocrowaves and radio waves in addition to visible light

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11
Q

Photons (quanta)

A

set of particles; or set of waves

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12
Q

Pigment

A

any material that absorbs certain wavelengths specifically and has disctinctive color

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13
Q

Chlorophyll a

A

absorbs only some red and some blue light

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14
Q

Chlorophyll b

A

.

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15
Q

Accessory Pigments

A

molecules that strongly absorb wavelengths not absorbed by chlorophyll a; broaden the action spectrum of photosynthesis by overcoming the narrow absorption of chlorophyll a

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16
Q

Ground State

A

an electron in its most stable orbital, when it contains the least amount of energy

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17
Q

Excited State

A

an electron that has absorbed a quantum and moved to a higher orbital; it has more energy than when it is in its ground state

18
Q

Absorption spectrum

A

a graph of the relative ability of a pigment to absorb absorb different wavelengths of light

19
Q

Action spectrum

A

a graph of the relative rates of reaction of a process as influenced by different wavelengths of light

20
Q

Antenna complex with reaction center

A

.

21
Q

Photosystem I

A

photosynthetic units with little chlorophyll b

22
Q

Photosystem II

A

photosynthetic units with chlorophyll b levels almost equal to chlorophyll a

23
Q

Photolysis

A

.

24
Q

NADPH+ Reductase

A

.

25
Q

Chloroplast grana

A

a set of flat vesicles in chloroplasts, involved in chemiosmotic phosphorylation

26
Q

Stroma

A

the liquid surrounding the thylakoid system

27
Q

Thylakoid lumen

A

the photosynthetic membranes of chloroplast

28
Q

Noncyclic electron transport

A

the flow of electrons from water to NADPH during light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis

29
Q

Cyclic electron transport

A

the flow of electrons from P700 back to plastoquinone in photosynthesis, such that there is proton pumping but no synthesis of NADPH

30
Q

C3 metabolism (Calvin cycle)

A

a set of metabolic reactions in which carbon dioxide is fixed temporarily into organic acids that are transported to bundle sheaths, where they release the carbon dioxide and C3 photosynthesis occurs

31
Q

C3 metabolism (Calvin cycle)

A

.

32
Q

PGAL

A

.

33
Q

PGAL

A

3-phosphoglyceraldehyde

34
Q

Gluconeogenesis

A

formation of glucose from 3-phosphoglyceraldehyde

35
Q

Quality of sunlight

A

the colors or wavelengths it contains; sunlight is pure white because it contains the entire visible spectrum

36
Q

Quantity of light

A

refers to light intensity or brightness affected by clouds, shading, closeness to the equator

37
Q

Duration

A

the number of hours per day that sunlight is available

38
Q

Light compensation point

A

the level of illumination at which photosynthetic fixation of carbon dioxide just matches respiratory loss

39
Q

C4 Metabolism

A

a set of metabolic reactions in which carbon dioxide is fixed temporarily into organic acids that are transported to bundle sheaths, where they release the carbon dioxide and C3 photosynthesis occurs

40
Q

Photorespiration

A

the oxidation of phosphoglycolate produced when RuBP carboxylase adds oxygen, not carbon dioxide, to RuBP

41
Q

PEP carboxylase

A

.

42
Q

Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM)

A

a metabolism in which carbon dioxide is absorbed at night and fixed temporarily into organic acids. During daytime, the acids break down, carbon dioxide is released, and C3 photosynthesis

Plant Biology (19 decks)

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