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Sociology > Ch 1 Sec 1&2 > Flashcards

Ch 1 Sec 1&2 Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Sociology

A

Scientific study of “social structure”

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2
Q

Sociology perspective

A

Never focuses on the individual the view is always at the social, or group, level

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3
Q

Social structure

A

The pattern of interactions of people in social relationships

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4
Q

Sociological imagination

A

The ability of individuals to see the relationships between events in their personal lives and events in their society

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5
Q

Perspective

A

A particular point of view

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6
Q

Auguste Comte

A

First used “sociology” in 1824
Father of sociology
French philosopher
Main concern to Improve society

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7
Q

What question sociologist always ask?

A

Why do people behave/act the way they do?

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8
Q

Sociologist study….

A 
Belief system
Values system
Societal and group rules
Ways of organizing families
Educational systems
Religions
Political systems/election trends
Economic systems
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9
Q

Why study patterns of human behavior?

A

Bc we see outside events in our lives as intensely personal (ie marriage of William and Kate)

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10
Q

Why do sociologists study events and look for the things outside the individual that influence behavior?

A

Person relationships like marriage they study do figure out “what social influences make it difficult for couples stay together”

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11
Q

Social facts

A

Any social activity or situation that can be observed or measured (ie patters in religious affiliation)

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12
Q

American sociologist who said “you will enrich your life when you come to possess “sociological imagination”

A

C. Write mills

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13
Q

Society

A

An organized group of people in which there are “social experiences”

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14
Q

Social experience

A

A relationship; a give and take between 2 or more people; involves everything from a handshake to the election of a president

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15
Q

Interact

A

Direct behavior toward one another (ie parents/children)

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16
Q

Why are cultural expectations and social structures important?

A

Because they regulate individual and group behavior do that people can act together to achieve common goals

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17
Q

Why do people behave the way they do?

A

Environment/social situation most of the time

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18
Q

Why is all behavior social in some respect?

A

Because it’s influenced by other people

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19
Q

Physical setting vs social setting

A

Physical: elevator
Social: alone and someone enters the elevator

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20
Q

Behavior will change when?

A

According to injection of a stranger into a situation

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21
Q

2 types of sociological analysis

A
  • micro sociology

- macro sociology

22
Q

Micro sociology

A
  • why one person is unemployed (lack of skill or experience)
  • unhappy married couple
  • focuses on immediate, personal matters and relationships
  • focuses on personal issues that effect individuals
23
Q

Macro sociology

A
  • 40% unemployment rate in AA makes (18-27)
  • 50% divorce rate in the U.S.
  • focuses on social problems that go beyond the failings of individuals
  • Focuses on broad social issues and structural patterns that effect groups
24
Q

Subjective meaning

A

The meaning/reason behind the action/behavior

so why it’s done

25
Q

Subjective meaning example:

You see two people shaking hands

A

Why are they shaking hands?

-friendly/formality/aggression

26
Q

Verstehen

A

True understanding

Can only be achieved when we understand our behavior and how our behavior influences others

27
Q

Positivism

A

Scientific observation for sociology

28
Q

Social statics

A

Study of social stability

29
Q

Social dynamics

A

Study of social change

30
Q

Harriet Martineau

A

Englishwoman
Translated comte’s book
Introduced feminism
Compared slaves and women

31
Q

Herbert spencer

A

English
Compared society to the human body
(Society is composed of parts working together to promote its wellbeing and survival)
Society’s have economies, religions, governments, families.
Religious and educational institutions are crucial to society
Social Darwinism: evolutionary social change led to progression. Natural social selection led to survival of strongest society’s.
Poor stay poor rich stay rich outside people/government shouldn’t help

32
Q

Karl Marx

A

German scholar
Didn’t consider himself a sociologist
Wanted sociologist to change the world not just study it
Identified social classes

33
Q

Bourgeoisie

A

Owned the means for producing wealth in industrial society. (Ie factories and equipment)

34
Q

Capitalist

A

Had the means for producing wealth. (Bourgeoisie)

35
Q

Proletariat

A

Work for the bourgeoisie

Paid just enough to stay alive

36
Q

Emile Durkheim

A

Son of French rabbi
Believed society existed bc of wide consensus
Ground breaking research on suicide
Showed that human social behavior must be explained by social factors rather than psychological ones

37
Q

Max Webber

A 
Son of German lawyer and politician
Mom was Calvinist
Suffered mental breakdown
Human beings act on the basis of their own understanding of a situation so sociologist must discover the personal meanings, values, beliefs, attitudes, underlying human social behavior
Believed in empathy
38
Q

Rationalism

A

The mindset that emphasizes use or knowledge, reason, and planning.

39
Q

Verstehen

A

Understanding the social behaviors of others by putting yourself mentally in their place

40
Q

Jane Adams

A

Early woman reformer
Co-founded hull house for immigrants, sick, poor, old
Focused on problems caused by the imbalance of power in social classes
Only sociologist to receive Nobel peace prize
Considered social Worker not sociologist bc she was a woman and didn’t teach at a university and bc worked w poor

41
Q

W.e.b. DuBois

A

Black man who attacked the “negro problem” not only in U.S. But everywhere
Studies social structures or blacks to show they weren’t all stupid

42
Q

Erving Goffman

A

Said that the physical setting (elevator) remains the same but the social setting changes by the appearance of strangers

43
Q

Social situation

A

Situation where people interact

44
Q

Social structure

A

Relatively predictable and continuing patterns of these relationships and interactions

45
Q

Erving Goffman

A

The physical setting remains the same but the social setting changes w the appearance of strangers

46
Q

Civil inattention

A

Civilly ignoring them lol

47
Q

Sociology

A

Th systematic study of social behavior in human and group Patterson

48
Q

Behavior of one person….

A

Effects the group

49
Q

Why study patterns of human behavior?

A

Study events and loom for the things outside that influence behavior(what sociological influences make it hard for couples to stay together)

50
Q

What is social setting and how does it change ur behavior?

A

Who you’re around i.e. Act different at school than at home

Sociology (11 decks)

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