Ch 1: Review Wksht

Question 1

What is the difference between the study of anatomy versus the study of physiology?

Answer 1

Anatomy is the study of structure while physiology is the study of functions

Question 2

What is gross anatomy?

Answer 2

study of anatomy w/o a microscope (overall anatomy)

Question 3

What is “histology”?

Answer 3

the microscopic study of tissue structure

Question 4

What does the chemical level represent? Also, give some examples of this level.

Answer 4

-Small particles that make up cells
-atoms, molecules, organelles
-essential ones include carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen

Question 5

What is meant by saying that cells are “differentiated”?

Answer 5

cells change during embryonic development and become SPECIALIZED for certain functions

Question 6

What are tissues?

Answer 6

groups of cells that have a common origin, appearance, and function

Question 7

What are the 4 types of tissues, and what are there functions?

Answer 7

-epithelial: covers and protects surface
-muscle: allows movement
-connective: joins parts together and provides support
-nervous: responds to environmental stimuli and coordinates bodily activity

Question 8

What are organs?

Answer 8

structures composed of two or more different types of tissue, have specific functions, and have recognizable shapes

Question 9

List the 10 life processes of the human being

Answer 9

-movement
-responsiveness
-growth and development
-reproduction
-respiration
-digestion
-absorption
-circulation
-assimilation
-excretion

Question 10

Why is absorption so important to the body?

Answer 10

it allows nutrients to be absorbed by your blood stream and carried to cells

Question 11

What is the purpose of respiration?

Answer 11

allows us to use oxygen to obtain energy from food

Question 12

What is “metabolism”?

Answer 12

a majority of human life processes’ functions combined

Question 13

What are the two basic ideas that this whole class will center around this year?

Answer 13

homeostasis and feedback systems

Question 14

Without giving me the same definition as is in your notes, what does homeostasis mean? Also give an example of how this works in the body.

Answer 14

-the constant environment our body needs to be at to function
-if our body is too hot we will sweat to cool our body down

Question 15

What 3 main components make-up most homeostatic mechanisms?

Answer 15

-receptors
-control center
-effectors

Question 16

How do feedback systems affect homeostasis?

Answer 16

they are acts that MUST be done to help keep our body at homeostasis

Question 17

What is the difference between negative and positive feedback systems?

Answer 17

Negative- action of the effectors reduces
Positive- action of the effectors increases

Question 18

What is a body cavity, and what is its purpose?

Answer 18

-confined spaces within the body that contain internal organs
-protect, separate, and support organs

Question 19

What 2 major divisions is the body broken into and what difference exists between them?

Answer 19

Axial: includes head, neck and trunk (their cavities)
Appendicular: includes the lower and upper limbs (no real cavities)

Question 20

What 4 main cavities make-up the axial skeleton?

Answer 20

-cranial cavity
-spinal cavity
-thoracic cavity
-abdominopelvic cavity

Question 21

What are “serous” membranes?

Answer 21

line the walls of the thoracic and abdominal cavities, covering the organs

Question 22

What is anatomical position?

Answer 22

body standing straight, head and palms facing forward, limbs at side

Question 23

When looking at your hand, is your pinky finger proximal or distal when comparing with your wrist?

Answer 23

distal

Question 24

When looking at your stomach, it is ____ to your heart

Answer 24

inferior

Question 25

A muscle is ____ compared to your skin

Answer 25

deep

Question 26

How is a sagittal plane different from a transverse plane?

Answer 26

sagittal plane divides the body into left and right sections while a transverse plane divides the body into superior and inferior sections

Question 27

What does it mean to say that humans are bilaterally symmetrical

Answer 27

the human body has almost identical right and left halves of the body

Question 28

Provides support and levers on which the muscular system can act

Answer 28

skeletal system

Question 29

Protects underlying organs from drying out and mechanical damage

Answer 29

integumentary system

Question 30

Protects the body; destroys bacteria and tumor cells

Answer 30

lymphatic system (immune system)

Question 31

Breakdown of foodstuffs into small particles that can be absorbed

Answer 31

digestive system

Question 32

Conserves body water or eliminates excess water

Answer 32

urinary system

Question 33

Controls the body through the usage of homones

Answer 33

endocrine system

Question 34

Delivers oxygen and nutrients to the body tissues

Answer 34

cardiovascular