Ch. 1 Major Systems Of The Human Body Flashcards
Primary function is to protect
Integumentary system
The skin
Integumentary system
Regulates body temperature
Integumentary system
Sophisticated sense organ
Integumentary system
Includes skin
Hair
Nails
Sweat and sebaceous glands
Integumentary system
The study of the integumentary system
Dermatology
What do skeletal and muscular system work together to do
Support and move the body
Consists of bones
Related tissue such as cartilage and ligaments
Skeletal system
Support and protect in skeletal system
Ligaments
Make movement possible through joints and articulations
Skeletal system
Serves as reservoir for mineral storage and blood cell formation production
Skeletal system
Blood cell formation
Hematopoiesis
Individual muscles are the organs of this system
Muscular system
Tissues that contract
Muscle
Responsible for voluntary movement of the bones
Skeletal muscles
What are smooth muscles
Involuntary
What are the smooth muscles
Blood vessels
Intestines
Lungs
What is the cardiac muscle
Heart
Produce movement
Muscles
Generate heat that is required for maintenance of a constant core temperature
Muscular system
Coordinates and regulates with endocrine system
Nervous system
Brain
Spinal cord
Nerves
Nervous system
Primary functions of the nervous system
Body functions
Communication
Integration
Primary functions of the nervous system are accomplished by
Generation
Transmission
Integration
Recognition
Of special nerve impulses
To start making something
Generation
To send, transfer
Transmission
Make whole/ bring in
Integration
Form of memory
Recognition
Permit rapid and precise control of diverse body functions
Nerve impulses
Stimuli that elements of nervous system recognize
Light
Pressure
Temperature
Where is nervous system info processed
In brain
Cause muscle to contract and glands to secrete
Nerve impulses
The study of science that deals with nervous system and its disorders
Neurology
Neurobiology
Has specialized glands
Endocrine system
What do the glands in endocrine system secrete
Hormones
Main regulators of
Metabolism
Growth and development
Reproduction
Hormones
Functions are
Communication
Integration
Control
Endocrine system
Located near base of brain and produces hormones which control other glands as well as various body functions
Pituitary gland
Control center located inferior to the thalamus in brain
Hypothalamus
Gland located on neck whose hormones regulate cellular metabolism
Thyroid
Gland embedded in the posterior aspect of thyroid gland
Secrete parathyroid hormone
Parathyroid
Glands that rest on top of kidneys
Composed of cortex and medulla
Secrete adrenaline
Adrenals
Gland located in abdominal cavity
Contains pancreatic islets that secrete glucagon and insulin
Pancreas
Female glands that produce ova (sex cells)
Ovaries
Male gonads that produce sex cells (sperm)
Testes
Anchors developing fetus to the uterus and provides a bridge for exchange of nutrients and waste products between mother and developing baby
Placenta
Organs in the endocrine system acted upon by the nervous system
Target organs
Study of endocrine system
Endocrinology
Consists of heart
Vessels called arteries, veins, and capillaries
Cardiovascular system
Primary function is transportation
Cardiovascular system
What is transported in the blood for cardiovascular system
Oxygen Carbon dioxide Nutrients Hormones Waste products
Made up of lymph
Lymphatic system
Clear watery fluid located in tissue spaces between cells
Moved by blood
Lymph
Additional function is to move fluids
Protein molecules
Lymphatic system
Principle components: Lymph nodes Lymph vessels Thymus Thoracic duct Spleen
Lymphatic system
Involved with lymph tissue
Immune response
Functional system without organs
Immune response
Special cells and molecules protect and fight disease
Immune response
Resist infections with proper function of
Lymphatic system
Immunity
Study of immune response function
Immunology
Includes Nose Pharynx Larynx Trachea Bronchi Lungs
Respiratory system
Together the organs permit oxygen movement into alveoli
Respiratory system
Air sacs
Alveoli
What occurs in alveoli
Oxygen is exchanged for carbon dioxide
How is oxygen carried to the lungs
In blood
Mouth Pharynx Esophagus Stomach Small intestine Large intestine Rectum Anal canal
Digestive system
All eight organs of digestive system compose
Gastrointestinal tract
Teeth Tongue Liver Salivary glands Gallbladder Pancreas
Accessory organs of digestive system
Unused residue that’s eliminated by the body as waste
Feces
Study of the GI tract
Gastroenterology
Includes Two kidneys Ureters Bladder Urethra
Urinary system
Clear or clean blood of waste products (urine)
Kidneys
Urine is produced, exits kidneys to ureters then stored in bladder
Urinary system
Males and females combine to ensure conception and development of offspring
Reproductive system
Proper function of system ensures survival of genetic code
Reproductive system
Release of hormones permits development of sex characteristics
Reproductive system
Prostate gland Vas deferens Urethra Testes Scrotum and penis (external genitalia)
Male reproductive system
Ovaries
Uterus
Fallopian tubes
Vagina
Female reproductive system
External accessory sex organs of female reproductive system
Breasts or mammary glands
Union of egg cell and sperm cell
Fertilization
