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Anatomy > Ch 1 Into To The Body > Flashcards

Ch 1 Into To The Body Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy is?

A

The study of structure of an organism and the relationships of its parts

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2
Q

Anatomy is derived from two words parts that mean

A

Cutting apart

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3
Q

Anatomist

A

Learn about the structure of the human body by cutting it apart

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4
Q

Physiology

A

Is the study of the functions of living organisms and their parts

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5
Q

The valves and muscles of the hollow heart have?

A

A structure that makes the forceful pumping of blood possible

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6
Q

A hypothesis is a?

A

Reasonable guess based on previous informal observations or on previously tested explanations

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7
Q

After a hypothesis has been proposed, it must be?

A

Tested

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8
Q

Hypothesis testing process is called?

A

Experimentation

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9
Q

Experimental controls are used to?

A

Ensure that the test situation is not affecting the results

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10
Q

A test group is?

A

A group getting the drug

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11
Q

A control group is?

A

The group getting the substitute

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12
Q

A hypothesis that has gained a high level of confidence is called?

A

Theory or law

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13
Q

The metric system is?

A

A decimal system in which measurement of length is based on the meter and weight or mass is based on the gram

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14
Q

1 kilometer is

A

1,000 meters

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15
Q

1 meter(m) is

A

39.37 inches

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16
Q

1 centimeter(cm) is

A

1/100 m

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17
Q

1 millimeter (mm) is

A

1/1,000 m

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18
Q

1 micrometer (um) or micron (u) is

A

1/1,000,000 m

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19
Q

1 nanometers (nm) is

A

1/1,000,000,000 m

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20
Q

1 angstrom (A) is

A

1/10,000,000,000

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21
Q

Organization progress from

A

The least complex(chemical level) to the most complex(organism level)

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22
Q

The most important characteristics of body structure is

A

Organization

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23
Q

The body is made up of

A

Trillions of smaller structures

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24
Q

Atoms and molecules are referred to as

A

Chemical level

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25
Q

What is the smallest living units of structure and function in our body?

A

Cells

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26
Q

A tissue is a?

A

Organization of many cells that act together to perform a common function

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27
Q

Cells and tissues are held together and surrounded by

A

Varying amounts and varieties of gluelike, nonliving intercellular substances

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28
Q

An organ is a

A

Group of several different kinds of tissue

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29
Q

A system is?

A

An organization of varying numbers and kinds of organs

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30
Q

Modern anatomy started in?

A

The renaissance in Europe

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31
Q

Cadavers

A

Persevered human remains

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32
Q

Supine and prone are

A

Terms used to describe the position of the body when it’s not in the anatomical position

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33
Q

Supine position is?

A

The body is lying facing upward

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34
Q

The prone position is?

A

The body is lying facing downward

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35
Q

Superior means

A

Toward the head also means upper or above

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36
Q

Inferior means

A

Toward the feet also means lower or below

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37
Q

Anterior means

A

Front or in front of

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38
Q

Posterior means

A

Back or in back of

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39
Q

Dorsal means

A

Toward the back

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40
Q

Medial means

A

Toward the midline of the body

41
Q

Lateral means

A

Toward the side of the body or away from its midline

42
Q

Proximal means

A

Toward or nearest the trunk of the body or nearest point of origin of one of its parts

43
Q

Distal means

A

Away from or farthest from the trunk or the point of origin of a body part

44
Q

Superficial means

A

Nearer the surface

45
Q

Deep means

A

Farther away from the body structure

46
Q

Abbreviations for rosettes compess

A 
A anterior 
D distal 
I inferior 
(Opposite M) L lateral 
(Opposite R) L left 
M medial 
(Opposite A) P posterior 
(Opposite D) P proximal 
R right 
S superior
47
Q

A cut is also called

A

Section

48
Q

A plane is a

A

Flats plate

49
Q

Sagittal plane

A

Divides the body into right and left sides

50
Q

Midsagittal plane

A

A unique type of sagittal plane that divides the body into 2 equal halves

51
Q

Frontal plane or coronal plane

A

Divides the body into anterior and posterior (front and back) portions

52
Q

Transversal plane

A

Horizontal or crosswise plane

Divides the body into upper and lower portions

53
Q

The body is not a

A

Solid structure

54
Q

The body is made up of

A

Open spaces or cavities

55
Q

Bony dorsal cavities form?

A

House organs of the central nervous system

56
Q

The cranial cavity is

A

The space inside a skull that contains a brain

57
Q

The space inside the vertebral column(spinal column) is called the

A

Spinal cavity

58
Q

The spinal cavity contains the

A

Spinal cord

59
Q

The cranial and spinal cavities are also called?

A

Dorsal cavities

60
Q

The ventral cavities form from the?

A

Major body cavity during embryonic development

61
Q

The upper ventral cavities include the

A

Thoracic cavity

62
Q

Thoracic cavity is

A

A space that you might think of as your chest cavity

63
Q

Mediastinum is?

A

The mid portion is a subdivision of the thoracic cavity

64
Q

The lateral subdivisions of the thoracic cavity are called the?

A

Right and left pleural cavities

65
Q

The lower ventral cavities include?

A

Abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity

66
Q

The abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity form only one component the?

A

Abdominopelvic cavity

67
Q

The most important muscle for breathing the

A

Diaphragm. It is domed shaped

68
Q

The 4 abdominopelvic quadrants are?

A

1 right upper quadrant or RUQ(right superior quadrant)

2 right lower quadrant RLQ (right inferior quadrant)

3 left upper quadrant LUQ ( left superior quadrant)

4 left lower quadrant LLQ (left inferior quadrant)

69
Q

Upper abdominopelvic regions, the right hypochondriac region, left hypochondriac right and epigastric region

A

Lie above an imaginary line across the abdomen at the level of the 9th rib cartilage

70
Q

Middle abdominopelvic regions, right lumbar regions, and left lumbar region and the umbilical region

A

Lie below an imaginary line across the abdomen at the level of the 9th rib cartilage and above an imaginary line across the abdomen at the top of the hip bones

71
Q

Lower abdominopelvic regions, right iliac region, left iliac region and hypogastric region

A

Lie below an imaginary line across the abdomen at the level of the top of the hip bones

72
Q

The difference between the axial portion of the body and the appendicular portion of the body?

A

The axial region is head, neck, and Torso or trunk

Appendicular region is upper and lower extremities

73
Q

What are some of the regions of the upper extremity and lower extremity?

A

Appendicular

74
Q

All living organisms maintain?

A

Mechanisms

75
Q

Homeostasis is?

A

Relative constancy of the internal environment

76
Q

The cells of the body live?

A

In an internal environment made up of mostly water with salts

77
Q

The cells are able to survive if?

A

The conditions of their watery environment remain stable

78
Q

The basic type of control system in the body is called

A

Feedback loop

79
Q

A sensor or a thermometer

A

Detects change in temperature

80
Q

The furnace is called a

A

Effector

81
Q

Negative feedback loops

A

Oppose, or negate a change

82
Q

Positive feedback loops exists in the?

A

Body and involved in normal function

83
Q

Positive feedback loops are

A

Stimulatory

84
Q

The activity of blood cells are called?

A

Platelets

85
Q

Normal homeostatic control mechanisms can maintain only a

A

Relative constancy

86
Q

All organs help to maintain

A

Homeostatic balance

87
Q

The ability to maintain the balance of body function is related to?

A

Age

88
Q

Changes and functions occurring during the early years are called

A

Developmental process

89
Q

Changes occurring after young adulthood are called

A

Aging process

90
Q

The most important characteristic of body structure is?

A

Organization

91
Q

Pelvic cavity contains

A

Reproductive organs, urinary bladder, and lowest part of the intestine

92
Q

The body regions

A

Axial region, head, neck, and torso or trunk

Appendicular region, upper and lower extremities

93
Q

Atrophy (decrease in size)

A

Occurs when an organ is not used

94
Q

Feedback loops involve a

A

Sensor, a control center, and an effector

95
Q

Negative feedback loops can turn into positive feedback loops to

A

Maintain or restore homeostasis

96
Q

Negative feedback?

A

Opposes change in controlled conditions

97
Q

Positive feedback?

A

Amplifies occurring change

98
Q

Body mechanisms act as

A

Heaters, air pumps

Anatomy (9 decks)

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