anatomy ch 13 Flashcards
two upper heart chambers is called
atria( receiving chambers)
Two lower chambers called
ventricles (discharging
chambers)
Endocardium
smooth lining of heart chambers
inflammation of endocardium called
endocarditis
Pericardium
A two-layered fibrous sac with a lubricated space between
the two layers
Inner layer of pericardium called
visceral pericardium or epicardium
outer layer of pericardium called
parietal pericardium
Contraction of the heart is called
systole
Relaxation is called
diastole
heart valves consist of
atrioventricular (AV) and two semilunar
(SL) valves
Left AV—bicuspid (mitral)
At opening of the left atrium
into the ventricle
Right AV—tricuspid
At opening of the right atrium into
the ventricle
Pulmonary SL
At beginning of the pulmonary artery
Aortic SL
At beginning of the aorta
Two distinct heart sounds in every heartbeat
or cycle
lub dup
Sinoatrial (SA) node, the pacemaker
Located in the wall of the right
atrium near the opening of the superior vena cava
Atrioventricular (AV) node:
Located in the right atrium along the
lower part of the interatrial septum
AV bundle (bundle of His)
Located in the septum of the ventricle
Purkinje fibers:
Located in the walls of the ventricles
Arteries
Carry blood away from the heart and toward
capillaries
Veins
Carry blood toward the heart and away from
capillaries
Capillaries
Carry blood from the arterioles to the venules
outer layer of blood vessels
Tunica externa
middle layer of blood vessels
tunica media which is smooth muscle
inner layer of blood vessels
tunia intima which is Single layer of squamous epithelial cells that lines the
inner surface of the entire cardiovascular system
Capillaries
Serve as exchange vessels for nutrients, wastes, and
fluids
veins
Collect blood for return to the heart; low pressure
vessels
pulse
Alternate expansion and recoil of the blood vessel
wall
