Ch. 1

Question 1

What are the major items found on a patient history form?

Answer 1

• Biographic data
• Chief complaint
• Present health or history of present illness
• List if current meds
• Reason(s) for stopping meds
• past health illnesses
• patients family history
• review of each body system
• functional assessment

Question 2

What are the primary tasks performed during the pre-interview?

Answer 2

• Gather complete and accurate data about the pts impression and health
• Establishes rapport and trust
• develops interest and shows understanding about pts health state

Question 3

Describe the internal factors the practitioner brings to the interview?

Answer 3

• Genuine concerned for others
• empathy
• understanding
• the ability to listen
• body language

Question 4

What external factors provide a good physical setting for the interview?

Answer 4

• ensure privacy
• Prevent interruptions
• Secure a comfortable and physical environment

Question 5

What are cultural, religious, and spiritual issues in the patient interview?

Answer 5

• preferred method of communication
• how to address pt
• potential language barriers
• is an interpreter needed
• appropriate setting for the interview
• gender roles
• Should a person of the same sex or religion be present during the interview
Etc.

Question 6

What is the difference between open ended questions and closed or direct questions?

Answer 6

Open ended: questions asked the patient to provide narrative information (detailed explanation) to elaborate.

Close ended: questions are just one word answers like yes or no

Question 7

What are the nine types of verbal responses?

Answer 7

1. Facilitation
2. Silence
3. Reflection.
4. Empathy.
5. Clarification
6. Confrontation
7. Interpretation
8. Explanation
9. Summary-making.

Question 8

What are non-productive verbal messages that should be avoided during the patient interview?

Answer 8

• Providing assurance or reassurance
• giving advice
• using authority
• using avoidance language
• distancing
• professional jargon
• asking leading or biased questions
• talking too much
• interrupting and anticipating
• using “why” questions

Question 9

What are some positive and negative non-verbal messages?

Answer 9

Positive
- professional appearance
- Sitting next to patient
- Close proximity to patient
- Turn towards patient
Negative
- sitting behind desk
- Looking at watch
- Poor eye contact
- Too fast Speech
- Inappropriate touch

Question 10

How should you close the interview?

Answer 10

It should end gracefully and not abruptly
Ex. Is there anything else you would like to talk about? Do you have anymore questions for me?

Question 11

What are the pitfalls and weaknesses associated with the patient interview?

Answer 11

• Sinister nature of symptoms
• Menacing nature of effect
• Complexity and interdependence of gas exchange
• The poor memory or mental confusion

Question 12

Define body language?

Answer 12

How the patient is reacting
Ex. Avoiding eye contact, looking into space, diverting gaze, pain grimaces, restlessness, & sighing

Question 13

Define clarification?

Answer 13

When the patient’s choice of words is ambiguous or confusing.
Ex. Tell me what you mean by bad air

Question 14

Define closed or direct questions?

Answer 14

Asks the patient for specific information and is a short one word answer such as yes or no

Question 15

Define confrontation?

Answer 15

When the examiner notes, a certain action, feeling, or statement made by the patient and focuses the patients attention on it
Ex. You said it doesn’t hurt when you cough, but when you cough you grimace

Question 16

Define empathy?

Answer 16

The identification of oneself with another and the resulting capacity to feel or experience sensations, emotions, or thoughts similar to those being experienced by another person.

Question 17

Define explanation?

Answer 17

Providing the patient with factual and objective information.
Ex. It is very common for your heart rate to increase a bit after a bronchodilator treatment.

Question 18

Define external factors?

Answer 18

Good physical setting that enhances the interviewing process.
1. Ensures privacy
2. Prevents interruptions
3. Secure a comfortable physical environment.

Question 19

Define facilitation?

Answer 19

Encourages the patience to say more or to continue with the story.
Ex. “Mm hmm,” “Go on,” “Continue,” “Uh-huh”

Question 20

Define internal factors?

Answer 20

Encompasses what the practitioner brings to the interview; a genuine concern for others, empathy, understanding, and the ability to listen

Question 21

Define interpretation?

Answer 21

Links events and data, makes associations, and implies causes. It provides the basis for inference or conclusion.
Ex. It seems that every time you have a serious asthma attack you have had some kind of stress in your life.

Question 22

Define nonproductive verbal messages?

Answer 22

Defeating messages that restrict the patient’s response. They act as barriers to obtaining and establishing rapport

Question 23

Define nonverbal techniques?

Answer 23

Physical appearance, posture, gestures, facial expression, eye contact, voice, and touch. They are important in establishing rapport and conveying feelings. They may either support or contradict verbal messages, and may generate a positive or a negative influence on the interview process.

Question 24

Define open-ended questions?

Answer 24

Asks the patient to elaborate on the information they are given. Often used to: (1) begin the interview (2) to introduce a new section of questions, or (3) to gather further information whenever the patient introduces a new topic
Ex. Tell me why you have come to the hospital today?

Question 25

Define reflection?

Answer 25

Often used to echo the patient’s words. The examiner repeats a part of what the patient has just said to clarify or stimulate further communication.
Ex. PATIENT: I’m here because of my breathing. It’s blocked
EXAMINER: It’s blocked?
PATIENT: Yes, every time I try to exhale something blocks my breath and prevents me from getting on my air out

Question 26

Define silence?

Answer 26

It’s effective after an open-ended question and communicates that the patient has time to think and organize what he or she wishes to say without interruption by the examiner.

Question 27

Define summary?

Answer 27

The final overview of the examiners understanding of the patients statements. It condenses the facts and presents an outline of the way the examiner perceives the patient’s respiratory status.