Cervical Vertebra Final Exam

Question 1

Where do nerves exit in the cervical vertebra?

Answer 1

Above the vertebral body

Question 2

What passes through the vertebral foramen?

Answer 2

Vertebral artery

Question 3

What is used to palpate in the typical cervical vertebra in stead of the transverse processes?

Answer 3

lateral mass

Question 4

What ligamentous band wraps around the odontoid process?

Answer 4

Transverse alar ligament

Question 5

What is the myodural bridge?

Answer 5

True connection between the rectus capitis posterior major and dura mater. It contains a neural component and besides anchoring muscle it also functions to monitor dural tension and cervicogenic pathologies.

It can also be the cause of migraine like headaches

Question 6

What direction does side bending and rotation occur in?

Answer 6

Same direction due to the uncinate process

always assume its same direction on exams

Question 7

What are the common somatic dysfunctions? What are they cased by and who are they common in?

Answer 7

Flexion and extension. It is typically induced by trauma and presents with anterior posterior muscle spasms. Common in arthritic spines

Question 8

What are the major motions of the OA joint?

Answer 8

Flexion and extension due to the shape of the joint it allows for more of these movement

Question 9

What are the minor motions of OA?

Answer 9

Side bending and rotation in the opposite direction due to the shape of the joint ~60 degrees.

Question 10

a 19yo patients comes to clinic with headaches. Present since 17 when she had a whiplash injury. Worsened by stress. OSE findings are OA prefers right rotation, Restriction from R to L translations, and worsens sin extensions. What is SD called?

Answer 10

OA F RR SL

Question 11

What is the primary motion of the AA joint?

Answer 11

Rotation the atlas rotates about the dens and has basically NO sidebending

Question 12

27 yo football player has subtle headache and neck pain after being thrown down. Denies numbness tingling. ON exam he has no nerve impingements or concussion. OSE shows AA restriction to right. Which of following is correct direction for patient activating force with MET?

a. RR
b. RL
c. SR
d. SL

Answer 12

Rotate Left because it wont turn right. Doctor pushes it further into the barrier and the patient will push to the left.

Question 13

Normal ROM for flexion?

Answer 13

45-90

Question 14

normal ROM for extension?

Answer 14

45-90

Question 15

normal ROM for sidebending?

Answer 15

45

Question 16

normal ROM for rotation?

Answer 16

70-90

Question 17

How do you test rotation in the neck?

Answer 17

Left: induced by anterior pressure on the posterior aspect of the lateral mass

Right: Induced by anterior pressure on the posterior aspect of lateral mass

Question 18

How do you test sidebending in the neck?

Answer 18

Translation from left to right to sidebend left

Translate right to left for sidebending right

Question 19

For sidebending when you translate to the right what side has pressure and what side is being bent to?

Answer 19

The left side is the side with pressure which is also the side that gets bent to

Question 20

For cervical soft tissue what are the contraindications?

Answer 20

Fractures open wounds local infection coagulopathy neoplasm

Question 21

For cervical MET what are the contraindications?

Answer 21

Undiagnosed swelling severe osteoporosis
neoplasm
infection
hematoma
arthritis
fracture
ligament disruption

Question 22

What are the cervical HVLA contraindications?

Answer 22

acute radiopathy
klippel feil syndrome
chiari malformation
achondroplastic dwarfism
osteogenesis imperfecta
RA or Downs

Question 23

What two diseases are associated with alar ligament instability?

Answer 23

Advanced RA or Down syndrome. Dislocation of the dens with rupture or laxity of transverse ligament of atlas can cause quadriplegia or death

Question 24

What two diseases are associated with thrombosis?

Answer 24

Vertebral artery disease or advanced carotid disease