Cervical Vertebra Final Exam Flashcards
Where do nerves exit in the cervical vertebra?
Above the vertebral body
What passes through the vertebral foramen?
Vertebral artery
What is used to palpate in the typical cervical vertebra in stead of the transverse processes?
lateral mass
What ligamentous band wraps around the odontoid process?
Transverse alar ligament
What is the myodural bridge?
True connection between the rectus capitis posterior major and dura mater. It contains a neural component and besides anchoring muscle it also functions to monitor dural tension and cervicogenic pathologies.
It can also be the cause of migraine like headaches
What direction does side bending and rotation occur in?
Same direction due to the uncinate process
always assume its same direction on exams
What are the common somatic dysfunctions? What are they cased by and who are they common in?
Flexion and extension. It is typically induced by trauma and presents with anterior posterior muscle spasms. Common in arthritic spines
What are the major motions of the OA joint?
Flexion and extension due to the shape of the joint it allows for more of these movement
What are the minor motions of OA?
Side bending and rotation in the opposite direction due to the shape of the joint ~60 degrees.
a 19yo patients comes to clinic with headaches. Present since 17 when she had a whiplash injury. Worsened by stress. OSE findings are OA prefers right rotation, Restriction from R to L translations, and worsens sin extensions. What is SD called?
OA F RR SL
What is the primary motion of the AA joint?
Rotation the atlas rotates about the dens and has basically NO sidebending
27 yo football player has subtle headache and neck pain after being thrown down. Denies numbness tingling. ON exam he has no nerve impingements or concussion. OSE shows AA restriction to right. Which of following is correct direction for patient activating force with MET?
a. RR
b. RL
c. SR
d. SL
Rotate Left because it wont turn right. Doctor pushes it further into the barrier and the patient will push to the left.
Normal ROM for flexion?
45-90
normal ROM for extension?
45-90
normal ROM for sidebending?
45
normal ROM for rotation?
70-90
How do you test rotation in the neck?
Left: induced by anterior pressure on the posterior aspect of the lateral mass
Right: Induced by anterior pressure on the posterior aspect of lateral mass
How do you test sidebending in the neck?
Translation from left to right to sidebend left
Translate right to left for sidebending right
For sidebending when you translate to the right what side has pressure and what side is being bent to?
The left side is the side with pressure which is also the side that gets bent to
For cervical soft tissue what are the contraindications?
Fractures open wounds local infection coagulopathy neoplasm
For cervical MET what are the contraindications?
Undiagnosed swelling severe osteoporosis neoplasm infection hematoma arthritis fracture ligament disruption
What are the cervical HVLA contraindications?
acute radiopathy klippel feil syndrome chiari malformation achondroplastic dwarfism osteogenesis imperfecta RA or Downs
What two diseases are associated with alar ligament instability?
Advanced RA or Down syndrome. Dislocation of the dens with rupture or laxity of transverse ligament of atlas can cause quadriplegia or death
What two diseases are associated with thrombosis?
Vertebral artery disease or advanced carotid disease
