Cervical and Upper Thoracic Spine Flashcards
How many Vertebrae does the vertebral column consist of?
7 Cervical 12 Thoracic 5 Lumbar 5 Fused Sacral 4 Cocyx 33 Total
First Vertebrae
Atlas
Flexion/Extension YES
Second Vertebrae
Axis
NO
What is known as the Vertebral Canal?
The arch and body of the vertebral foreman & protects the spinal cord
What is the anatomy of vertebral disc?
Nucleus Pulposus
Annulus Fibrosis
What are the movements of the spine?
Flexion Extension Lateral Flexion Lateral Extension Rotation
The name of the joint that connects the skull and atlas?
Atlantoccipital Joint
Flexion and Extension
The name of the joint that separates the atlas and axis?
Atlantoaxial Joint
Rotation
Where does the brachial plexus nerve root originate from?
5th Cervical-1st Thoracic
What nerve root forms the upper trunk?
C5
C6
What nerve root form the middle trunk?
C7
What nerve roots form the lower trunk?
C8
T1
What do sprains consist of?
Ligaments and capsules
Whipblash
Sudden flexion or extension
What muscles are strained the most in back?
Scapula Trapezius Rhomboid Sternocleidomastoid Scalene and Extensors
Degenrative Disc Disease
Degeneration of. the annulus fibrous from sprains and dysfunction
Facet Syndrome
Chronica inflammation and degenerative of facet from extension overload, sprains ,and ipengment
What is a Burst Fracture?
AKA Jefferesons Fracture
Spinal Cord fracture at the C1
What is a C2 Fracture
Hangsman Fracture to the transverse process
What is quadriplegia?
Fracture below C3
and paralysis of all for limbs
What happens to injury above the C3?
Usually Fatal
MOI of Spinous process fracture?
Cervical and Thoracic
Hyperflexion or Hyperextension
MOI of Avulsion fracture?
Hyperflexion
What are osteophytes?
Bone spurs
Spinal Stenosis
Found in older individuals
Narrowing of the spinal canal.
Transient neuroraxia?
PNS temporary loss of motor and sensory due to nerve conduction loss
What are the most common vertebrae affected in Disc Herniation?
C4,5,6
MOI of Brachial Plexus injury and most common injuries?
Compression
Stingers/Burners
Triangle in the TOS?
Anterior Scalene
Middle Scalene
1st Rib anteriorly
Torticolis & AKA?
Draws the head to one side
Wryneck or Stiff Neck
Kyphosis
Posterior curvature of thoracic spine
Scheuermanns disease
Inflammations of the bones
Where is the spine “stronger” at?
Anterior of the vertebrae
Where do herniation disc protrude?
Posterior into the intervertebral foreman
What vertebrae are affect during Brachial Plexus injury
C5-T1
Kyphosis
Posterior Curvature in upper thoracic spine,
What is a disease that can cause Kyphosis?
Sheuermanns disease
What is Sheuersman Disease
Inflammatory and osteochondritis of thoracic vertebrae.
Narrowing of anterior vertebral body
