cerebral palsy

Question 1

cerebral palsy definition

Answer 1

cerebral palsy is neuromuscular disorder with age of onset between 2-3 years old caused by an insult to the brain either before during or after pregnancy

Question 2

causes

Answer 2

• hypoxia during birth
• intra-cerebral haemorrhage
• meningitis
• genetics
• infection during early pregnancy

Question 3

types of cerebral palsy

Answer 3

spastic, ataxic and athetoid

Question 4

spastic cerebral palsy

Answer 4

by far the most common cause and is caused by an upper motor neurone lesion results in weakness and spasticity of muscles

Question 5

ataxic

Answer 5

affects the cerbellum which controls co-ordination causing the person to be extremely unbalaced

Question 6

athetoid

Answer 6

affects the extra-pyramidal motor system, the pyramidal tract and the basal ganglia causing uncontrollable involuntary writhing, rapid changes in tone and difficult producing speech

Question 7

cerebral palsy affect which part of the body

Answer 7

• one limb: monoplegic
• one limb and ipsilateral limb: hemiplegic
• 2 legs: diplegic
• all limbs is usually accompanied with learning difficulties: total body involvement

Question 8

msk problems in cerebral palsy

Answer 8

• non-congenital hip dislocation
• spasticity
• joint contractures
• scoliosis

Question 9

non-surgical MSK management

Answer 9

splinting, physiotherapy, baclofen and botox injections into spastic msucles

Question 10

surgical MSK treatment

Answer 10

hip replacement, surgical release of joint contractions, joint fusions